Machine Learning Applied to Cholesterol-Lowering Pharmacotherapy: Proof-of-Concept in High-Risk Patients Treated in Primary Care.

Machine learning has potential to improve the management of lipid disorders. We explored the utility of machine learning in high-risk patients in primary care receiving cholesterol-lowering medications. Machine learning algorithms were created based on lipid management guidelines for England [National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) CG181] to reproduce the guidance with >95% accuracy.

Evolution of Type 2 Diabetes Management from a Glucocentric Approach to Cardio-Renal Risk Reduction: The New Paradigm of Care.

For many years, clinical studies could not show that lowering glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes leads to better macrovascular outcomes. In the past few years, new data have shown that treatment with two classes of dugs developed as "glucose-lowering agents," SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, can reduce macrovascular and renal complications. These studies have prompted debate about the main aim of type 2 diabetes management.

Glucose: archetypal biomarker in diabetes diagnosis, clinical management and research.

The clinical utility of diabetes biomarkers can be considered in terms of diagnosis, management and prediction of long-term vascular complications. Glucose satisfies all of these requirements. Thresholds of hyperglycemia diagnostic of diabetes reflect inflections that confer a risk of developing long-term microvascular complications.

Adipocytokine profiles in a putative novel postmenopausal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotype parallel those in premenopausal PCOS: the Rancho Bernardo Study.

The objective was to investigate whether the associations between leptin, adiponectin, andadiposity reported in classic polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are also observed in elderly women with a novel putative postmenopausal PCOS phenotype. We studied 713 postmenopausal community-dwelling women. Diagnosis of the novel phenotype required the presence of ≥3 diagnostic features including: 1) a personal history of oligomenorrhea; 2) history of infertility or miscarriage; 3) current or past clinical or hormonal evidence of hyperandrogenism; 4) central obesity; 5) biochemical evidence of insulin resistance.

Functional dilator capacity is independently associated with insulin sensitivity and age in central obesity and is not improved by high dose statin treatment.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that: (i) functional microvascular dilator capacity is independently associated with insulin sensitivity and age in individuals with central adiposity at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); and (ii) functional microvascular dilator capacity is improved by high dose statin treatment.

Methods: Functional dilator capacity (measured as change in laser Doppler blood flux from baseline during post occlusive reactive hyperemia [peak flux%resting flux; PF%RF] and flowmotion (power spectral density [PSD] analysis)) were assessed in 40 people with central adiposity and one or more other CVD risk factors. Measurements were made at rest and during acute hyperinsulinaemia before and six months after high dose atorvastatin (40 mg daily) or placebo.