Combined carbohydrate-protein supplementation improves competitive endurance exercise performance in the heat.

Laboratory-based studies have demonstrated that adding protein (PRO) to a carbohydrate (CHO) supplement can improve thermoregulatory capacity, exercise performance and recovery. However, no study has investigated these effects in a competitive sporting context. This study assessed the effects of combined CHO-PRO supplementation on physiological responses and exercise performance during 8 days of strenuous competition in a hot environment.

Influence of cycling history on the ventilatory response to cycle-ergometry in humans: a role for respiratory memory?

The ventilatory (V' E) mechanisms subserving stability of alveolar and arterial PCO2 (PACO2, PaCO2) during moderate exercise (< lactate threshold, thetaL) remain controversial. As long-term modulation has been argued to be an important contributor to this control process, we proposed that subjects with no experience of cycling (NEx) might provide insight into this issue. With no exercise familiarization, 9 sedentary NEx subjects and 9 age-, sex-, and activity-matched controls (C) who had cycled regularly for recreational purposes since childhood completed a square-wave (6-min stage) cycle-ergometry test: 10 W-WR1-WR2-WR1-10 W; WR1 range 25-45 W, WR2 range 50-90 W.

Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of very high intensity sprint interval training (SIT) on metabolic and vascular risk factors in overweight/obese sedentary men. Ten men (age, 32.1 ± 8.

Ventilatory control during intermittent high-intensity exercise in humans.

Intermittent supra-maximal cycling of varying work: recovery durations was used to explore the kinetics of respiratory compensation for the metabolic acidosis of high-intensity exercise (> lactate threshold, thetaL). For a 10:20s duty-cycle, blood [lactate] ([L-]) was not increased, and there was no evidence of respiratory compensation (RC); i.e, no increase in the ventilation (VE)-CO2 output (Vco2) slope, nor fall in end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2).

Oxygen uptake and muscle desaturation kinetics during intermittent cycling.

Purpose: To investigate the kinetics of O2 uptake (VO2) and m. vastus lateralis [deoxyhemoglobin] ([Hb]) (near-infrared spectroscopy) for supramaximal intermittent cycling.

Methods: Six males performed a ramp test for determination of VO2peak and lactate threshold.

Control strategies for integration of electric motor assist and functional electrical stimulation in paraplegic cycling: utility for exercise testing and mobile cycling.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate feedback control strategies for integration of electric motor assist and functional electrical stimulation (FES) for paraplegic cycling, with particular focus on development of a testbed for exercise testing in FES cycling, in which both cycling cadence and workrate are simultaneously well controlled and contemporary physiological measures of exercise performance derived. A second aim was to investigate the possible benefits of the approach for mobile, recreational cycling.

Methods: A recumbent tricycle with an auxiliary electric motor is used, which is adapted for paraplegic users, and instrumented for stimulation control.