Bleeding related to oral anticoagulants: Trends in US emergency department visits, 2016-2020.

Background: Clinical trials suggest lower rates of major bleeding with direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) than with warfarin, but anticoagulant-related bleeding remains one of the most common outpatient adverse drug events.

Methods: We estimated the number of emergency department (ED) visits and subsequent hospitalizations for oral anticoagulant-related bleeding in 2016-2020 based on active surveillance in a nationally representative, size-stratified probability sample of 60 U.S.

Surveillance of COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Homes, United States, December 2020-July 2021.

Monitoring COVID-19 vaccination coverage among nursing home residents and staff is important to ensure high coverage rates and guide patient-safety policies. With the termination of the federal Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program, another source of facility-based vaccination data is needed. We compared numbers of COVID-19 vaccinations administered to nursing home residents and staff reported by pharmacies participating in the temporary federal Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program with the numbers of COVID-19 vaccinations reported by nursing homes participating in new COVID-19 vaccination modules of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN).

Assessment of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) Code Assignment Validity for Case Finding of Medication-related Hypoglycemia Acute Care Visits Among Medicare Beneficiaries.

Objective: Administrative claims are commonly relied upon to identify hypoglycemia. We assessed validity of 14 International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code assignments to identify medication-related hypoglycemia leading to acute care encounters.

Research Design And Methods: A multisite, retrospective medical record review study was conducted in a sample of Medicare beneficiaries prescribed outpatient diabetes medications and who received hospital care between January 1, 2016 and September 30, 2017.

Case Series of Thrombosis With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome After COVID-19 Vaccination-United States, December 2020 to August 2021.

Background: Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with adenoviral-vectored COVID-19 vaccination. It presents similarly to spontaneous heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Twelve cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after vaccination with the Ad26.

US emergency department visits for acute harms from over-the-counter cough and cold medications, 2017-2019.

Background And Purpose: Characterization of emergency department (ED) visits for acute harms related to use of over-the-counter cough and cold medications (CCMs) by patient demographics, intent of CCM use, concurrent substance use, and clinical manifestations can help guide prevention of medication harms.

Methods: Public health surveillance data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event Surveillance project were used to estimate numbers and population rates of ED visits from 2017 to 2019.

Results: Based on 1396 surveillance cases, there were an estimated 26 735 (95% CI, 21 679-31 791) US ED visits for CCM-related harms annually, accounting for 1.

Trends in Prescribing of Antibiotics and Drugs Investigated for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment in US Nursing Home Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Trends in prescribing for nursing home (NH) residents, which may have been influenced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, have not been characterized.

Methods: Long-term care pharmacy data from 1944 US NHs were used to evaluate trends in prescribing of antibiotics and drugs that were investigated for COVID-19 treatment, including hydroxychloroquine, famotidine, and dexamethasone. To account for seasonal variability in antibiotic prescribing and decreased NH occupancy during the pandemic, monthly prevalence of residents with a prescription dispensed per 1000 residents serviced was calculated from January to October and compared as relative percent change from 2019 to 2020.

Outpatient insulin-related adverse events due to mix-up errors: Findings from two national surveillance systems, United States, 2012-2017.

Purpose: We used data from two public health surveillance systems for national estimates and detailed descriptions of insulin mix-up errors resulting in emergency department (ED) visits and other serious adverse events to help inform prevention efforts.

Methods: ED visits involving patients seeking care for insulin medication errors collected by the NEISS-CADES project in 2012-2017 and voluntary reports of serious insulin medication errors submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2016-2017 were analyzed. National estimates of insulin product prescriptions dispensed from retail pharmacies were obtained from IQVIA National Prescription Audit.

Assessment of Outpatient Dispensing of Products Proposed for Treatment or Prevention of COVID-19 by US Retail Pharmacies During the Pandemic.

This cross-sectional study examines changes in the outpatient retail dispensing frequency of proposed treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 after the March 13, 2020, declaration of a national emergency due to the pandemic.

Trends in US Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Background: The objective of our study was to describe trends in US outpatient antibiotic prescriptions from January through May 2020 and compare with trends in previous years (2017-2019).

Methods: We used data from the IQVIA Total Patient Tracker to estimate the monthly number of patients dispensed antibiotic prescriptions from retail pharmacies from January 2017 through May 2020. We averaged estimates from 2017 through 2019 and defined expected seasonal change as the average percent change from January to May 2017-2019.

Electronic Measurement of a Clinical Quality Measure for Inpatient Hypoglycemic Events: A Multicenter Validation Study.

Background: Hypoglycemia related to antidiabetic drugs (ADDs) is important iatrogenic harm in hospitalized patients. Electronic identification of ADD-related hypoglycemia may be an efficient, reliable method to inform quality improvement.

Objective: Develop electronic queries of electronic health records for facility-wide and unit-specific inpatient hypoglycemia event rates and validate query findings with manual chart review.

Changes in emergency department visits for zolpidem-attributed adverse drug reactions after FDA Drug Safety Communications.

Purpose: To identify possible changes in U.S. emergency department (ED) visits from zolpidem-attributed adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after 2013 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Drug Safety Communications (DSCs), which notified the public about FDA's new dosing recommendations for zolpidem.

Emergency Department Visits Attributed to Adverse Events Involving Benzodiazepines, 2016-2017.

Introduction: Characterization of emergency department visits attributed to adverse events involving benzodiazepines can be used to guide preventive interventions. This study describes U.S.

Assessment of ICD-10-CM code assignment validity for case finding of outpatient anticoagulant-related bleeding among Medicare beneficiaries.

Purpose: To assess performance of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) code assignments for identifying bleeding events resulting in emergency department visits and hospitalizations among outpatient Medicare beneficiaries prescribed anticoagulants.

Methods: Performance of 206 ICD-10-CM code assignments indicative of bleeding, five anticoagulant adverse effect/poisoning codes, and five coagulopathy codes (according to Medicare Parts A and B claims) as assessed among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries prescribed anticoagulants between October 1, 2015 and September 30, 2016 (according to Part D claims). Structured medical record review was the gold standard for validating the presence of anticoagulant-related bleeding.

US Emergency Department Visits for Acute Harms From Prescription Opioid Use, 2016-2017.

Objectives: To estimate the number of US emergency department visits for prescription opioid harms by patient characteristics, intent, clinical manifestations, and active ingredient.

Methods: We used data from medical record-based surveillance from a nationally representative 60-hospital sample.

Results: Based on 7769 cases, there were 267 020 estimated emergency department visits annually (95% confidence interval [CI] = 209 833, 324 206) for prescription opioid harms from 2016 to 2017.

U.S. Emergency Department Visits Resulting From Nonmedical Use of Pharmaceuticals, 2016.

Introduction: National data on morbidity from nonmedical use of pharmaceuticals are limited. This study used nationally representative, public health surveillance data to characterize U.S.