Estimating a social cost of carbon for global energy consumption.

Estimates of global economic damage caused by carbon dioxide (CO) emissions can inform climate policy. The social cost of carbon (SCC) quantifies these damages by characterizing how additional CO emissions today impact future economic outcomes through altering the climate. Previous estimates have suggested that large, warming-driven increases in energy expenditures could dominate the SCC, but they rely on models that are spatially coarse and not tightly linked to data.

Publisher Correction: The effect of large-scale anti-contagion policies on the COVID-19 pandemic.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

The effect of large-scale anti-contagion policies on the COVID-19 pandemic.

Governments around the world are responding to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with unprecedented policies designed to slow the growth rate of infections. Many policies, such as closing schools and restricting populations to their homes, impose large and visible costs on society; however, their benefits cannot be directly observed and are currently understood only through process-based simulations. Here we compile data on 1,700 local, regional and national non-pharmaceutical interventions that were deployed in the ongoing pandemic across localities in China, South Korea, Italy, Iran, France and the United States.