Highly multiplexed mRNA quantitation with CRISPR-Cas13.

RNA quantitation tools are often either high-throughput or cost-effective, but rarely are they both. Existing methods can profile the transcriptome at great expense or are limited to quantifying a handful of genes by labor constraints. A technique that permits more throughput at a reduced cost could enable multi-gene kinetic studies, gene regulatory network analysis, and combinatorial genetic screens.

Group 3 innate lymphocytes make a distinct contribution to type 17 immunity in bladder defence.

Bladder infection affects a hundred million people annually, but our understanding of bladder immunity is incomplete. We found type 17 immune response genes among the most up-regulated networks in mouse bladder following uropathogenic (UPEC) challenge. Intravital imaging revealed submucosal + cells responsive to UPEC challenge, and we found increased and transcripts in wild-type and mice, implicating group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) as a source of these cytokines.

Lieb-Robinson Light Cone for Power-Law Interactions.

The Lieb-Robinson theorem states that information propagates with a finite velocity in quantum systems on a lattice with nearest-neighbor interactions. What are the speed limits on information propagation in quantum systems with power-law interactions, which decay as 1/r^{α} at distance r? Here, we present a definitive answer to this question for all exponents α>2d and all spatial dimensions d. Schematically, information takes time at least r^{min{1,α-2d}} to propagate a distance r.

Practical Strategies and Tools for Use by Occupational and Environmental Medicine Departments During COVID-19 Pandemic Surges.

Objectives: Occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) departments in healthcare institutions can be quickly overwhelmed when COVID-19 infection rates rapidly and simultaneously increase in the workforce and the patients served. Our goal is to present a detailed toolkit of practical approaches for use by front-line OEM specialists to address workforce management tasks during pandemic surges.

Methods: Specific focus is on tasks related to employee symptom triage, exposure risk assessment, workplace contact tracing, and work restrictions.

Optimal State Transfer and Entanglement Generation in Power-Law Interacting Systems.

We present an optimal protocol for encoding an unknown qubit state into a multiqubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like state and, consequently, transferring quantum information in large systems exhibiting power-law interactions. For all power-law exponents between and , where is the dimension of the system, the protocol yields a polynomial speed-up for and a superpolynomial speed-up for , compared to the state of the art. For all , the protocol saturates the Lieb-Robinson bounds (up to subpolynomial corrections), thereby establishing the optimality of the protocol and the tightness of the bounds in this regime.

Signaling and scrambling with strongly long-range interactions.

Strongly long-range interacting quantum systems-those with interactions decaying as a power law 1/ in the distance on a -dimensional lattice for ⩽ -have received significant interest in recent years. They are present in leading experimental platforms for quantum computation and simulation, as well as in theoretical models of quantum-information scrambling and fast entanglement creation. Since no notion of locality is expected in such systems, a general understanding of their dynamics is lacking.

Operator Lévy Flight: Light Cones in Chaotic Long-Range Interacting Systems.

We argue that chaotic power-law interacting systems have emergent limits on information propagation, analogous to relativistic light cones, which depend on the spatial dimension d and the exponent α governing the decay of interactions. Using the dephasing nature of quantum chaos, we map the problem to a stochastic model with a known phase diagram. A linear light cone results for α≥d+1/2.

Locality and heating in periodically driven, power-law-interacting systems.

We study the heating time in periodically driven -dimensional systems with interactions that decay with the distance as a power law . Using linear-response theory, we show that the heating time is exponentially long as a function of the drive frequency for . For systems that may not obey linear-response theory, we use a more general Magnus-like expansion to show the existence of quasiconserved observables, which imply exponentially long heating time, for .

Locality and Digital Quantum Simulation of Power-Law Interactions.

The propagation of information in nonrelativistic quantum systems obeys a speed limit known as a Lieb-Robinson bound. We derive a new Lieb-Robinson bound for systems with interactions that decay with distance as a power law, 1/ . The bound implies an effective light cone tighter than all previous bounds.

A subset of replication-dependent histone mRNAs are expressed as polyadenylated RNAs in terminally differentiated tissues.

Histone proteins are synthesized in large amounts during S-phase to package the newly replicated DNA, and are among the most stable proteins in the cell. The replication-dependent (RD)-histone mRNAs expressed during S-phase end in a conserved stem-loop rather than a polyA tail. In addition, there are replication-independent (RI)-histone genes that encode histone variants as polyadenylated mRNAs.

The C-terminal extension of Lsm4 interacts directly with the 3' end of the histone mRNP and is required for efficient histone mRNA degradation.

Metazoan replication-dependent histone mRNAs are the only known eukaryotic mRNAs that lack a poly(A) tail, ending instead in a conserved stem-loop sequence, which is bound to the stem-loop binding protein (SLBP) on the histone mRNP. Histone mRNAs are rapidly degraded when DNA synthesis is inhibited in S phase in mammalian cells. Rapid degradation of histone mRNAs is initiated by oligouridylation of the 3' end of histone mRNAs and requires the cytoplasmic Lsm1-7 complex, which can bind to the oligo(U) tail.

Comparative genome-wide screening identifies a conserved doxorubicin repair network that is diploid specific in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) induces DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage. In order to identify conserved genes that mediate DOX resistance, we screened the Saccharomyces cerevisiae diploid deletion collection and identified 376 deletion strains in which exposure to DOX was lethal or severely reduced growth fitness. This diploid screen identified 5-fold more DOX resistance genes than a comparable screen using the isogenic haploid derivative.