Purpose: To study the progression of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration over a five-year follow-up.
Methods: Eyes with GA included to assess demographic data, yearly optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and the GA growth rate on infra-red (IR) images.
Results: A total of 41 eyes of 29 patients were included with a mean age of 81.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
August 2024
Purpose: Incidence and risk factors of fellow eye wet conversion in unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) over 15-years follow-up.
Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 593 unilateral nAMD patients with a minimum of five years up to 15 years of follow-up. The demographic data, visual acuity, fellow eye nAMD conversion rate, and the number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections in the primary eye were evaluated.
Purpose: Hypo-reflective clumps (HRCs) are structures associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that were identified using flood-illumination adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy (FIAO) and hypothesized to be either macrophages that have accumulated melanin through the phagocytosis of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cell organelles or transdifferentiated RPE cells. HRCs may be autofluorescent (AF) in the near infrared (NIR) but clinical NIR autofluorescence imaging lacks the resolution to answer this question definitively. Here, we used near infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) imaging in fluorescence adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) to determine whether HRCs are AF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetic Retinopathy stands as a leading cause of irreversible blindness, necessitating frequent examinations, especially in the early stages where effective treatments are available. However, current examination rates vary widely, ranging from 25-60%. This study scrutinizes the Point-of-Care Diabetic Retinopathy Examination Program at the University of Pittsburgh/UPMC, delving into its composition, evolution, challenges, solutions, and improvement opportunities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe hypothesize that the injection of JP4-039, a mitochondria-targeted nitroxide, prior to irradiation of the mouse retina may decrease apoptosis and reduce neutrophil and macrophage migration into the retina. In our study, we aimed to examine the effects of JP4-039 in the mouse retina using fluorescent microscopy, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and flow cytometry. Forty-five mice and one eye per mouse were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect
August 2023
Objective: To identify characteristics and visual outcomes of coagulase-negative staphylococcal (CoNS) endophthalmitis in the era after the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study.
Design: Single-centre retrospective analysis.
Participants: Forty-two samples from 40 patients with documented CoNS endophthalmitis.
Ocular candidiasis (OC) complicates approximately 10% of candidemia and carries potentially severe morbidity. There are conflicting recommendations about the need for routine funduscopic examinations of candidemic patients. Indirect funduscopy is accurate and safe in diagnosing OC, and positive findings change recommended treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTorpedo maculopathy (TM) is a rare congenital defect of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The RPE is often evaluated clinically using fundus autofluorescence (AF), a technique that visualizes RPE structure at the tissue level from the intrinsic AF of RPE fluorophores. TM lesions typically emit little or no AF, but this macroscopic assessment is unable to resolve the RPE cells, leaving the organization of the RPE cell mosaic in TM unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Prophylactic topical antiseptics used to eliminate bacteria on the ocular surface prior to ocular surgery should be both effective and non-irritating. Five percent povidone iodine (PI) is an accepted antiseptic used for prophylaxis. Dilute 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate differences in outcomes of acute retinal necrosis with confirmed viral polymerase chain reaction between viral types and highlight different treatment options.
Methods: The study evaluated 22 eyes in 18 patients of polymerase chain reaction-positive acute retinal necrosis at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from 2007 to 2018. Outcome measures included final visual acuity, treatment paradigms, and retinal detachment rate.
Purpose: To describe the application of OCT-A in various posterior uveitis disorders in our experience and to compare it with the available literature.
Methods: Eighteen eyes with the diagnoses of multifocal choroiditis (MFC), multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS), tuberculous serpiginous-like choroiditis (SLC), serpiginous choroiditis (SC), and birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) were studied.
Results: We found flow void of the choriocapillaris in patients with APMPPE, SC, MFC, BSCR, and in SLC.
Purpose: This work compares clinical presentation and course of bacterial and fungal causes of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE).
Methods: A single-institutional study of consecutive patients diagnosed with EE was conducted at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center between September 2015 and September 2018. Exclusion criteria included history of ocular trauma, intraocular surgery or injection 6 months before presentation, or primary external ocular infection.
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep
September 2020
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep
June 2020
Purpose: To describe an unusual case of bilateral acute retinal necrosis (ARN) that was caused by varicella zoster virus in one eye and Epstein-Barr virus in the fellow eye.
Observations: A 67-year-old immunocompromised man presented with ARN in the left eye following a dermatomal vesicular rash, with an aqueous sample positive for varicella zoster virus. Four months later, the patient presented with panuveitis and serous retinal detachment in the right eye, with vitreous sample positive for Epstein-Barr virus and negative for varicella zoster, herpes simplex, and cytomegalovirus.
Background: Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), one of the most common causes of pediatric blindness in developed countries, has been difficult to directly quantify. We sought to measure optic nerve size in Alaskan pediatric patients with optic nerve hypoplasia using ultra-widefield fundus imaging.
Methods: Adult and pediatric patients underwent conventional ultra widefield fundus imaging (OPTOS, Dunfermline, Scotland) with manual image processing to determine optic nerve size validated against refractive error and nystagmus and compared to optical spectral domain tomography.
Purpose: To evaluate alterations in treatment burden and course of exudative age-related macular degeneration in patients who contracted endophthalmitis from intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections.
Methods: Retrospective study at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center examining frequency of anti-VEGF injections, activity of choroidal neovascularization, and visual acuity before and after endophthalmitis treatment.
Results: Twenty-one patients meeting inclusion criteria were identified, of whom 7 (33%) patients did not restart anti-VEGF treatment 12 months after endophthalmitis because of quiescence of exudative age-related macular degeneration without significant visual acuity loss (P > 0.
Purpose: To report refractive outcomes of scleral-fixated intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with Gore-Tex (W.L. Gore & Associates, Newark, DE) suture and combined pars plana vitrectomy and compare predicted refractive outcomes among 5 IOL power calculation formulas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Ophthalmol Case Rep
March 2019
Purpose: To describe an unusual case of spontaneous closure of a chronic, large, idiopathic, stage 4 macular hole after failed surgery.
Observations: A 75-year-old female presented with a history of a chronic, full thickness macular hole after failed surgery in the right eye. Two years after onset, she developed a fibrotic scar, which closed the macular hole and unexpectedly improved her vision.
Purpose: To investigate the susceptibility of Gram-positive and Gram-negative endophthalmitis bacterial isolates to vancomycin, amikacin, and ceftazidime over a 23-year period.
Design: Retrospective non-comparative laboratory case series.
Subjects: Endophthalmitis patients that were culture positive for bacteria.