Publications by authors named "Andrew E Chapman"

Purpose: This study aimed to assess whether physical functional decline in older women with early-stage breast cancer is driven by cancer, chemotherapy, or a combination of both.

Methods: We prospectively sampled three groups of women aged ≥ 65: 444 with early-stage breast cancer receiving chemotherapy (BC Chemo), 98 with early-stage breast cancer not receiving chemotherapy (BC Control), and 100 non-cancer controls (NC Control). Physical function was assessed at two timepoints (T1 [baseline] and T2 [3, 4, or 6 months]) using the Physical Functioning Subscale (PF-10) of the RAND 36-item Short Form.

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Background: Older women with breast cancer frequently experience toxicity-related hospitalizations during adjuvant chemotherapy. Although the geriatric assessment can identify those at risk, its use in clinic remains limited. One simple, low-cost marker of vulnerability in older persons is fall history.

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Article Synopsis
  • Older women with high-risk early breast cancer often struggle with the side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy, leading to lower relative dose intensity (RDI), which is critical for effective treatment.
  • A study analyzed data from the HOPE trial, focusing on women aged 65 and older, finding that 21% experienced low RDI, particularly those aged 76 and older, with poorer performance status, or treated with certain chemotherapy regimens.
  • Patients with low RDI had a 5-year overall survival rate of 80%, compared to 91% for those with adequate RDI, highlighting the need for identifying at-risk individuals to improve treatment outcomes.
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Background: Older adults (≥65 years) with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers who receive chemotherapy are at increased risk of hospitalization caused by treatment-related toxicity. Geriatric assessment (GA) has been previously shown to predict risk of toxicity in older adults undergoing chemotherapy. However, studies incorporating the GA specifically in older adults with GI cancers have been limited.

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Purpose: Hospitalizations during cancer treatment are costly, can impair quality of life, and negatively affect therapy completion. Our objective was to identify risk factors for unplanned hospitalization among older adults receiving chemotherapy.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a multisite cohort study (N = 750) of patients ≥ 65 years of age evaluated with a geriatric assessment (GA) to predict chemotherapy toxicity.

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Background: Translation of basic discoveries to clinical care for patients with cancer is a difficult process greatly enabled by physician-trained researchers. Three categories of physicians, with responsibilities spanning from laboratory and preclinical research to direct patient care, are involved in the translational research continuum: physician-scientist (PS), clinician investigator (CI), and academic clinician (AC).

Methods: To define how protected time for research efforts is supported, the Association of American Cancer Institutes (AACI) conducted a survey of their member institutions, obtaining 56 responses documenting time spent in research and clinical activities across multiple cancer disciplines, and providing information about funding streams for the different categories of cancer physicians.

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Introduction: Cognitive impairment (CI) increases chemotherapy toxicity risk with need to understand this association utilizing publicly available short screening tools. We evaluated this utilizing a lower threshold on a short screening tool in older adults with cancer.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from the Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) Chemotherapy Toxicity Risk tool (CARG score) development and validation cohorts (n = 703), which recruited adults age ≥ 65 with cancer from academic centers.

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Background: Hearing and visual impairments are common among community-dwelling older adults, and are associated with psychological, functional, and cognitive deficits. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding their prevalence among older patients with cancer.

Methods: The current study was a secondary analysis combining 2 prospective cohorts of adults aged ≥65 years with solid tumors who were receiving chemotherapy.

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Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy for resected early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) provides a modest survival benefit. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against VEGF, improves outcomes when added to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced-stage non-squamous NSCLC. We aimed to evaluate the addition of bevacizumab to adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage resected NSCLC.

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The concepts of quality and value have become ubiquitous in discussions about health care, including cancer care. Despite their prominence, these concepts remain difficult to encapsulate, with multiple definitions and frameworks emerging over the past few decades. Defining quality and value for the care of older adults with cancer can be particularly challenging.

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Objectives: Medication-related problems (MRP) affecting older adults are a significant healthcare concern and account for billions in medication-related morbidity. Cancer therapies can increase the prevalence of MRP. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a pharmacist-led individualized medication assessment and planning (iMAP) intervention on the number and prevalence of MRP.

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Purpose: Age-based reduction of chemotherapy dose with the first cycle (primary dose reduction, PDR) is not routinely guideline recommended. Few studies, however, have evaluated how frequently PDR is utilized in the treatment of older patients with cancer and which factors may be associated with this decision.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a multi-institutional prospective cohort study of patients age ≥65 years treated with chemotherapy.

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Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the response rate in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated in first line with irinotecan/docetaxel combination (Arm A) or with irinotecan/docetaxel/cetuximab combination (Arm B). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), toxicity, and the rate of thromboembolic events with prophylactic enoxaparin sodium.

Patients And Methods: Patients were eligible who had measurable, metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, and normal bilirubin.

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Background: The proportion of older patients with cancer is expected to grow exponentially in the next two decades. This population has large heterogeneity and it is well known that chronologic age is a poor predictor of outcomes. Research has shown that these patients are best served with a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) to formulate individualized treatment plans for better outcomes.

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Background: We attempted to compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding with vertical-banded gastroplasty and gastric bypass. Morbid obesity presents a serious health issue for Western countries, with a rising incidence and a strong association with increased mortality and serious comorbidities, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, conservative treatment options have proven ineffective.

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Background: Cancer presenting during pregnancy is a rare event. There are no reports of an unknown primary tumor presenting during pregnancy.

Case: A 35-year-old primigravida presented at 16 weeks' gestation with multiple cerebral infarcts.

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Twenty-four patients with non-small cell lung cancer received induction chemotherapy (paclitaxel, carboplatin) followed by concurrent thoracic irradiation (RT) and weekly paclitaxel. Acute esophagitis was scored weekly. Amifostine (AMI), 500 mg intravenously twice weekly, was added to the regimen in the second cohort of 12 patients.

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