Lack of benefit from premedication for pegylated asparaginase during pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma therapy: A side-by-side comparison.

Background: Pegylated l-asparaginase (PEG) is integral to treatment regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma. Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to PEG are common and can preclude continued administration. Data supporting recommendations for universal premedication (UPM) prior to PEG infusion to reduce incidence of HSRs are limited; UPM has become common practice.

Development and Application of a Peroxyl Radical Clock Approach for Measuring Both Hydrogen-Atom Transfer and Peroxyl Radical Addition Rate Constants.

The rate-determining step in free radical lipid peroxidation is the propagation of the peroxyl radical, where generally two types of reactions occur: (a) hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) from a donor to the peroxyl radical; (b) peroxyl radical addition (PRA) to a "C═C" double bond. Peroxyl radical clocks have been used to determine the rate constants of HAT reactions (), but no radical clock is available to measure the rate constants of PRA reactions (). In this work, we modified the analytical approach on the linoleate-based peroxyl radical clock to enable the simultaneous measurement of both and .

Catalyst-Controlled Regioselective Chlorination of Phenols and Anilines through a Lewis Basic Selenoether Catalyst.

We report a highly efficient ortho-selective electrophilic chlorination of phenols utilizing a Lewis basic selenoether catalyst. The selenoether catalyst resulted in comparable selectivities to our previously reported bis-thiourea ortho-selective catalyst, with a catalyst loading as low as 1%. The new catalytic system also allowed us to extend this chemistry to obtain excellent ortho-selectivities for unprotected anilines.

The virtual visit: Using immersive technology to visit hospitals during social distancing and beyond.

Medical trainees face substantial financial and scheduling burdens during the interview process at various levels of training. With current social distancing and travel restrictions in place, in-person interviews now carry an additional health risk that make it difficult for training programs and applicants to conduct a thorough interview process. Virtual interviews and presentations are some of the technology-driven solutions that have been accelerated in the current social context to mitigate financial burdens and health risks.

Towards a Catalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers via C( )-H Alkylation Using Nitroalkanes.

Herein we report studies towards a small molecule catalytic approach to access atropisomeric diaryl ethers that proceeds via a C( )-H alkylation using nitroalkanes as the alkyl source. A quaternary ammonium salt derived from quinine containing a sterically hindered urea at the C-9 position was found to effect atroposelective C( )-H alkylation with moderate to good enantioselectivities across several naphthoquinone-containing diaryl ethers. Products can then be isolated in greater than 95:5 er after one round of trituration.

Maintenance of remission with combination etanercept-DMARD therapy versus DMARDs alone in active rheumatoid arthritis: results of an international treat-to-target study conducted in regions with limited biologic access.

In this transglobal, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, treat-to-target study, the maintenance of efficacy was compared between biologic-and biologic-free-disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) combination regimens after low disease activity (LDA) was achieved with biologic DMARD induction therapy. Patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate therapy received open-label etanercept 50 mg subcutaneously once weekly plus methotrexate with or without other conventional synthetic (cs) DMARDs for 24 weeks. Patients achieving LDA [disease activity score in 28 joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) <3.

The Catalyst-Controlled Regiodivergent Chlorination of Phenols.

Different catalysts are demonstrated to overcome or augment a substrate's innate regioselectivity. Nagasawa's bis-thiourea catalyst was found to overcome the innate para-selectivity of electrophilic phenol chlorination, yielding ortho-chlorinated phenols that are not readily obtainable via canonical electrophilic chlorinations. Conversely, a phosphine sulfide derived from 2,2'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP) was found to enhance the innate para-preference of phenol chlorination.

Positional information in axolotl and mouse limb extracellular matrix is mediated via heparan sulfate and fibroblast growth factor during limb regeneration in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).

Urodele amphibians are unique among adult vertebrates in their ability to regenerate complex body structures after traumatic injury. In salamander regeneration, the cells maintain a memory of their original position and use this positional information to recreate the missing pattern. We used an in vivo gain-of-function assay to determine whether components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) have positional information required to induce formation of new limb pattern during regeneration.

Analysis of percussion response of dental implants: an in vitro study.

The Periometer® quantitative percussion system was used to interrogate the interfacial stability of implants in vitro for comparison with X-ray computer tomography (CT) data. Selected implants were placed as per standard practice in bone stimulant polyurethane blocks. The dimensions of the surgical sites surrounding the implants were analyzed using X-ray computer tomography (CT) to determine the quality of support at the implant-bone interface.