Risk-based approach to setting sterile filtration microbial bioburden limits - Focus on biotech-derived products.

Holistic concepts should be applied that reduce risks prior to final bioburden testing and sterile filtration, based on enhanced process and product attribute understanding, which could be key to successful bioburden risk management. Key findings of this paper include.

lnterleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist.

The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-lra) is unusual in that it is the only known naturally occurring, cytokine receptor antagonist with no apparent agonist function. Over the last 5 years, since the cloning of the IL-lra cDNA sequence, there has been intensive research on the genetics, regulation, and potential therapeutic value of this protein. The later discovery of a second form of IL-lra in 1991 has complicated the picture.