Metasurface-Enabled Holographic Lithography for Impact-Absorbing Nanoarchitected Sheets.

Nanoarchitected materials represent a class of structural meta-materials that utilze nanoscale features to achieve unconventional material properties such as ultralow density and high energy absorption. A dearth of fabrication methods capable of producing architected materials with sub-micrometer resolution over large areas in a scalable manner exists. A fabrication technique is presented that employs holographic patterns generated by laser exposure of phase metasurface masks in negative-tone photoresists to produce 30-40 µm-thick nanoarchitected sheets with 2.

Hand surgery in organ transplant patients.

Purpose: This study presents a series of organ transplant patients who developed problems that affected their upper extremities, related to the organ transplant operation itself, to the patient's underlying systemic disease, to long-term immunosuppression, or to subsequent hand injury after the organ transplant surgery.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 40 organ transplant patients with upper extremity problems at 3 major organ transplant centers was performed.

Results: Six general problems were identified that affected the hand and upper extremity in these transplant patients: inflammatory conditions (16), nerve compression syndromes (18), infections (6), neoplasms (6), vascular problems (4), and trauma (14).