Vitamin D Deficiency and Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity.

Importance: Prior research has demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults; however, its association with pediatric OSA is emerging.

Objective: To evaluate the association of vitamin D levels with obstructive Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) in children with OSA.

Design, Settings, And Participants: This was a cross-sectional study of children aged 2 to 16 years with severe obstructive OSA (AHI ≥20 on polysomnogram) who were undergoing adenotonsillectomy at a tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology clinic from 2017 to 2022.

Longitudinal Analysis of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Program Performance.

Objectives: Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) is a newborn hearing screening system created to detect infants with hearing loss (HL) and intervene to reduce language and communication impairment. Early hearing detection (EHD) consists of three sequential stages: identification, screening, and diagnostic testing. This study longitudinally reviews each stage of EHD in each state and proposes a framework to improve utilization of EHD data.

Effect of Cleft Palate Repair Timing on Inpatient Complication Rate: Review of a National Database.

Objectives: Timing of cleft palate repair is controversial. We aim to assess whether timing of cleft palate repair affects rates of inpatient complications, length of stay (LOS), and cost of stay.

Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database 2009 was queried for all admissions with a primary diagnosis of cleft palate during which cleft palate repair was performed as a primary procedure.

Obesity as a Possible Risk Factor for Pediatric Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objectives/hypothesis: Childhood hearing loss impacts linguistic, academic, social, and psychologic development, and may have lasting implications for future workforce performance. Current evidence for obesity as a pediatric sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) risk factor is intriguing but equivocal. We hypothesized that obesity is associated with a higher risk of SNHL.

Rising Costs of Otic Drops: Review of a National Database.

Objectives: US prescription drug prices have increased substantially during the past decade and now account for approximately 17% of total US health expenditures. Otic drop prices are of particular interest given their common use in otolaryngologic clinical practice. We hypothesized that otic drop prices increased at a rate significantly higher than the overall inflation rate.

Managing the Child with Persistent Sleep Apnea.

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 2% to 4% of American children, and is associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive sequelae. The primary treatment for pediatric OSA is adenotonsillectomy. Children with obesity, craniofacial syndromes, and severe baseline OSA are at risk for persistent disease.

Impact of montelukast and fluticasone on quality of life in mild pediatric sleep apnea.

Objectives: Research has shown improvement in apnea-hypopnea index in children with mild obstructive sleep apnea treated with anti-inflammatory medications. Data on quality of life outcomes in children receiving these medications is lacking. We aim to assess quality of life in children with mild obstructive sleep apnea treated with montelukast and fluticasone.

Update on Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) remains a challenging disease afflicting children and adults, resulting in an estimated $120 million per year in United States healthcare-related costs, with annual costs per patient approaching $60,000. Although the prevalence of RRP has declined, RRP remains the most common benign laryngeal neoplasm in children. RRP is unique in its high rate of multisite recurrence, its high burden on patient quality of life, and its high associated healthcare costs.

Stridor in the Newborn.

Stridor in the newborn period may result from numerous causes, both congenital and acquired. Its presentation is diverse, and understanding the subtleties of that diversity is the key to determining the likely cause of the stridor, as well as the urgency for specialist evaluation. This article presents a framework for evaluating the quality of stridor in the newborn, as well as a review of the characteristics of stridor associated with entities commonly encountered in the neonatal airway.

Longitudinal Analysis of "Window Shade" Tympanoplasty Outcomes for Anterior Marginal Tympanic Membrane Perforations.

Objectives: Although many techniques have been proposed for the repair of tympanic membrane perforations, few address the unique challenges presented by anterior marginal perforations. In these circumstances, traditional underlay and overlay techniques are often complicated by issues including blunting of the anterior tympanomeatal angle, graft lateralization, delayed healing, and reduced graft take rates. The "window shade" tympanoplasty technique described in this paper incorporates several aspects of the underlay and overlay techniques to address these issues.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: update 2018.

Purpose Of Review: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is the most common as well as the costliest benign airway neoplasm in the United States [Ivancic et al. (2018). Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 3:22; Derkay (1995).