Volumetric measurement of terminal ileal Crohn's disease by magnetic resonance enterography: a feasibility study.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) interpretation of Crohn's disease (CD) is subjective and uses 2D analysis. We evaluated the feasibility of volumetric measurement of terminal ileal CD on MRE compared to endoscopy and sMARIA, and the responsiveness of volumetric changes to biologics.

Methods: CD patients with MRE and contemporaneous CD endoscopic index of severity-scored ileocolonoscopy were included.

Radiomics of pericardial fat: a new frontier in heart failure discrimination and prediction.

Objectives: To use pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) radiomics phenotyping to differentiate existing and predict future heart failure (HF) cases in the UK Biobank.

Methods: PAT segmentations were derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) studies using an automated quality-controlled model to define the region-of-interest for radiomics analysis. Prevalent (present at time of imaging) and incident (first occurrence after imaging) HF were ascertained using health record linkage.

Pericardial adiposity is independently linked to adverse cardiovascular phenotypes: a CMR study of 42 598 UK Biobank participants.

Aims: We evaluated independent associations of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-measured pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) with cardiovascular structure and function and considered underlying mechanism in 42 598 UK Biobank participants.

Methods And Results: We extracted PAT and selected CMR metrics using automated pipelines. We estimated associations of PAT with each CMR metric using linear regression adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, smoking, exercise, processed food intake, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, height cholesterol, waist-to-hip ratio, impedance fat measures, and magnetic resonance imaging abdominal visceral adiposity measures.

Automated Quality-Controlled Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Pericardial Fat Quantification Using a Convolutional Neural Network in the UK Biobank.

Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) may represent a novel risk marker for cardiovascular disease. However, absence of rapid radiation-free PAT quantification methods has precluded its examination in large cohorts. We developed a fully automated quality-controlled tool for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) PAT quantification in the UK Biobank (UKB).

Detection of pup odors by non-canonical adult vomeronasal neurons expressing an odorant receptor gene is influenced by sex and parenting status.

Background: Olfaction is a fundamental sense through which most animals perceive the external world. The olfactory system detects odors via specialized sensory organs such as the main olfactory epithelium and the vomeronasal organ. Sensory neurons in these organs use G-protein coupled receptors to detect chemosensory stimuli.

Geniculo-Cortical Projection Diversity Revealed within the Mouse Visual Thalamus.

The mouse dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) is an intermediary between retina and primary visual cortex (V1). Recent investigations are beginning to reveal regional complexity in mouse dLGN. Using local injections of retrograde tracers into V1 of adult and neonatal mice, we examined the developing organisation of geniculate projection columns: the population of dLGN-V1 projection neurons that converge in cortex.

A gene expression ratio-based diagnostic test for bladder cancer.

Purpose: Bladder cancer is relatively common but early detection techniques such as cystoscopy and cytology are somewhat limited. We developed a broadly applicable, platform-independent and clinically relevant method based on simple ratios of gene expression to diagnose human cancers. In this study, we sought to determine whether this technique could be applied to the diagnosis of bladder cancer.