Plasma fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids and surrogate fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids hydrolysis activity in children with or without obesity and in adults with or without coronary artery disease.

Aim: Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) are a class of bioactive lipids with anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and cardioprotective properties. FAHFA hydrolysis into its fatty acid (FA) and hydroxy fatty acid (HFA) constituents can affect the bioavailability of FAHFA and its subsequent biological effects. We aimed to investigate FAHFA levels and FAHFA hydrolysis activity in children with or without obesity, and in adults with or without coronary artery disease (CAD).

Novel Melanocortin-3 and -4 Receptor Functional Variants in Asian Children With Severe Obesity.

Context: Genetic variants in melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R) and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) genes are strongly associated with childhood obesity.

Objective: This study aims to identify and functionally characterize MC3R and MC4R variants in an Asian cohort of children with severe early-onset obesity.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed to screen for MC3R and MC4R coding variants in 488 Asian children with severe early-onset obesity (body mass index for age ≥97th percentile).

Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes among children with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity.

Background: Obesity and obesity-related morbidities are associated with poor psychosocial adjustment and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aims to examine HRQoL and psychosocial outcomes in children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), and the effects of familial health on these outcomes.

Methods: Four hundred and six children with BMI for age ≥ 97th percentile were classified as having MHO and MUO based on the absence or presence of metabolic abnormalities.

Dietary Intakes and Eating Behavior between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity Phenotypes in Asian Children and Adolescents.

Diet plays a critical role in the development of obesity and obesity-related morbidities. Our study aimed to evaluate the dietary food groups, nutrient intakes and eating behaviors of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes in an Asian cohort of children and adolescents. Participants ( = 52) were asked to record their diet using a 3-day food diary and intakes were analyzed using a nutrient software.

Prevalence and predictors of metabolically healthy obesity in severely obese Asian children.

Background: Obese individuals who have little or no metabolic syndrome components are proposed to be "metabolically healthy obese (MHO)". This study aim to evaluate the prevalence of MHO and examine the predictors associated with MHO in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort of severely obese children.

Methods: This study included a cross-sectional cohort of 406 Chinese, Malay and Indian children aged 5-20 years old with BMI for age ≥ 97th percentile.

Association of leukocyte telomere length with obesity-related traits in Asian children with early-onset obesity.

Background: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with obesity and obesity-related traits, and there are ethnic-specific determinants of LTL.

Objective: To evaluate LTL associations with obesity and metabolic parameters in Asian children with early-onset obesity.

Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of a cohort of children with (N = 371) and without obesity (N = 23), and LTL was measured using quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Self and parent-proxy rated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in youth with obesity: are parents good surrogates?

Purpose: Consideration of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and wellbeing outcomes is important to guide healthcare services for youth with obesity, yet youth perspectives may differ from their parents. This study compared youth and parental HRQoL reports and evaluated levels of concordance across HRQoL domains and as a function of youth age, youth gender and parent informant (mother and father).

Methods: 376 youths with obesity, recruited from community (N = 223) and hospital settings (N = 153), and their parents (N = 190 mothers; N = 91 fathers), completed the PedsQL.

Acute hemichorea in a young type 1 diabetic.

Acute movement disorder is an uncommon presenting symptom in patients with diabetes mellitus. We report a 20-year-old lady with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes, who presented with acute hemichorea and was found to have two rare diabetes-related central nervous complications of diabetic striatopathy and severe moyamoya disease (MMD). She was treated with aggressive glycemic control; clonazepam and tetrabenazine as well as aspirin stroke prophylaxis for her MMD with resolution of her chorea 3 months later.

Genetic Testing Confirmed the Early Diagnosis of X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets in a 7-Month-Old Infant.

Loss-of-function mutations in the phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X-chromosome (PHEX) have been causally associated with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR). The early diagnosis of XLHR in infants is challenging when it is based solely on clinical features and biochemical findings. We report a 7-month-old boy with a family history of hypophosphatemic rickets.