Nutritional Deficiencies and Associated Oral Health in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Scoping Review.

Introduction: The shift to processed foods in American diets has increased vitamin and mineral deficiencies among adolescents, impacting growth and health, often manifesting as oral lesions. This review study aimed to explore the link between nutritional deficiencies and adolescent oral health to improve guidance and prevent long-term issues.

Methods: A systematic review of literature from 2013 to 2023 was conducted on adolescents aged 10-19 years, using PRISMA guidelines.

Changes on corpus luteum structure and progesterone synthesis pathway after hCG or GnRH treatment during the early luteal phase in sheep.

This study investigated the effect of hCG or GnRH on structural changes of the corpora lutea (CL) and the regulation of the expression of steroidogenic enzymes involved in P secretion in post-ovulatory (po-CL) and accessory CL (acc-CL). Sixty-four ewes were assigned to three groups receiving: 300 IU of hCG (hCG) or 4 µg Buserelin (GnRH) or 1 mL of saline solution (Control) on Day (d) 4 post artificial insemination (FTAI). Laparoscopic ovarian were performed on d 4, 14 and, 21 post-FTAI to determine the numbers of CL.

[Rothia mucilaginosa pneumonia in an immunocompromised patient after kidney transplant].

Rothia mucilaginosa is a bacterium derived from the upper respiratory tract microbiota, which is rarely associated with infections in immunocompromised patients suffering chronic lung diseases, mainly pneumonia and bacteremia. Its treatment is generally based on the use of β-lactams. The case study of a kidney transplant patient using immunosuppressive drugs, who developed a disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection, is described.

Necrotizing cellulitis due to in an extremely premature infant.

We report an extremely premature infant with necrotizing cellulitis. After minor trauma to the left arm when removing an adhesive sensor, patient developed rapidly progressive cellulitis, which evolved into a necrotic ulcer. Microbiological studies (mass spectroscopy and molecular assay) identified as the responsible fungus.

Host characteristics predict outcome among adult patients admitted by severe acute respiratory infection.

Background: Except for influenza pandemics, different observational studies have failed to demonstrate differences in mortality between various etiologies in adult patients hospitalized for respiratory infections.

Aim: To compare clinical and mortality differences between different viral pathogens associated with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in hospitalized adults.

Material And Methods: One-year prospective study in a sentinel center.

A Calculation Model of the General Theory of Interaction Potentials for Stoichiometric Lanthanide Type Crystals: Applications to the CsKLnCl System.

This article aims to develop a generalized model calculation model to be applicable to the general theory of interaction potentials with reference to the stoichiometric elpasolite type crystals. In this study, we have chosen to report both a theoretical model and a calculation strategy to undertake semi empirical calculations of thermodynamic properties, such as reticular energies and heats of formation for the series of systems such as: CsKLnCl. We have also carried out quite a number of calculations for a variety of systems such as: CsNaLnF, CsNaLnCl, CsNaLnBr, RbNaLnF and CsKLnF in the Fm3m space group since we aim to check the strengths and weaknesses of our model calculations.

[First isolation de Candida auris in Chile].

Candida auris is an emerging multi-drug-resistant fungus that is rapidly spreading worldwide. Since the first reports in 2009, many isolates across five continents have been identified as agents of hospital-associated infections. Independent and simultaneous outbreaks of C.

[Syphilitic hepatitis. Report of three cases].

Liver involvement occurs in 0.2 to 3% of patients with syphilis. We report three patients with liver involvement in syphilis.

Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) from influenza in adult patients in Chile: the experience of a sentinel hospital.

Objective: To 1) describe clinical characteristics of adult patients in Chile with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) associated with influenza viruses, and 2) analyze virus subtypes identified in specimens collected from those patients, hospital resources used in clinical management, clinical evolution, and risk factors associated with a fatal outcome, using observational data from the SARI surveillance network (SARInet).

Methods: Adults hospitalized from 1 July 2011 to 31 December 2015 with influenza-associated SARI at a SARI sentinel surveillance hospital in Santiago were identified and the presence of influenza in all cases confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), using respiratory samples.

Results: A total of 221 patients (mean age: 74.

Long-term impact of competitive biddings and an antimicrobial stewardship program in a general hospital in Chile.

Background: The long-term effect of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) and its integrated impact with competitive biddings have been seldom reported.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term effect of an ASP on antimicrobial consumption, expenditure, antimicrobial resistance and hospital mortality. To estimate the contribution of competitive biddings on cost-savings.

[Safety of fluoroquinolones: risks usually forgotten for the clinician].

Quinolones are a group of widely used antimicrobials. Although they are considered safe for patients, knowledge of the safety profile is necessary so that professionals become aware of what is necessary to monitor. At the musculoskeletal level, quinolones have the potential to damage cartilage, causing even tendon rupture in infrequent cases.

[Differential diagnosis of bone marrow and lung granulomas: Report of one case].

The differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and lymphoma with pulmonary infiltration is very difficult, given their similar clinical characteristics. We report a 59 year old female with weight loss, fever, dyspnea and cough of several months of duration. She had a cavitated mass in lung imaging.

[Chagas disease affecting the central nervous system in a patient with AIDS demonstrated by quantitative molecular methods].

Although infrequent, Trypanosoma cruzi reactivation is possible among patients with HIV/AIDS infection that develop a tumor-like or granulomatous lesion in the CNS. We report the case of a 60 years old male patient with HIV/AIDS and low CD4 lymphocytes count with cerebellar symptoms and mild paresis, associated to supra and infratentorial hypodense lesions and positive serology tests both to T. gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi.

[Spondylodiscitis: clinical experience in a Chilean general hospital].

Background: Spondylodiscitis (SD) involves long periods of hospitalization, diagnostic latency and risk of long-term complications. No updated series are available in Chile and a change in demographic features and etiology is suspected.

Aim: To characterize a group of patients with SD.

[Cotrimoxazole in bone-related infections: toxicity and clinical and economic impact].

Background: Cotrimoxazole is a therapeutic option for bone-related infections but is associated to hyperkalemia and renal failure. Tolerance to this drug may reduce length of stay (LOS) and hospital charges.

Aims: To evaluate renal, potassium toxicity, clinical outcome, and use of hospital resources in patients treated with cotrimoxazole for bone-related infections.

[Severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with parainfluenza 3 infection: Case report].

Disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an infrequent condition with considerable morbidity and mortality in adult patients. It requires a high level of suspicion and diagnosis emerges by gathering clinical information, laboratory exams and images studies. ADEM is related to an immunological phenomena occurring after a bacterial/viral infection or recent vaccination.

[HIV/AIDS patients in a Critical Care Unit: The experience of a general hospital in a developing country].

Introduction And Aims: Despite general availability of HAART in Chile, admissions of HIV/AIDS patients to Intensive-Intermediate Care Units (IICU) are still happening, and a characterization of patient's profile, mortality and potentially avoidable admissions is necessary.

Methods: Observational retrospective study in one general hospital in Chile of HIV/AIDS patients admitted to IICU during 9 years.

Results: During 2005-2013, 32 patients were admitted to IICU, with 87,5% in AIDS stage, only 53,1% knew his/her condition, 43,8% were receiving HAART and 16.

[Atypical mycobacterial infections in five adult patients without evidence of immunosuppression. Making an experience].

We aim to communicate the experience gathered during the management of infections by atypical mycobacteria in immunocompetent patients in a general practice. Between 2008 and 2013, 5 patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections were identified: 2 with cutaneous involvement and 3 with lung infection. None of them had evidence of immunosuppression.

[Cryptococcal infections in non-HIV infected patients: a new clinical problem in Chile].

Cryptococcal infections are classically associated to HIV/AIDS patients without therapy, but its presence among other immunosuppressed patients is less recognized. We report 3 lethal cases in non HIV-patients. Two of them presented with meningitis associated to renal transplant or corticosteroid use and, the third, with a necrotic skin infection in the context of progressive liver cirrhosis.

[Acute bacterial meningitis by Streptococcus agalactiae in a non pregnant woman associated to a cerebrospinal fluid leak: a case report].

Streptococcus agalactiae is a rare cause of acute bacterial meningitis. We report the case of a middle age non-pregnant female patient, with no comorbitidies, who was hospitalized with acute meningitis. The pathogen was identified both in blood and CSF.

[Infections by Listeria monocytogenes].

Background: Listeria monocytogenes infections have been poorly characterized in Chile.

Aim: To evaluate clinical manifestations and risk factors associated to a fatal outcome in a series of patients.

Methods: retrospective analysis of cases from 1991 to 2012.

[HIV-related lymphoma in a public hospital in Chile. Analysis of 55 cases].

Background: Cancer is the third cause of death in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and lymphoma is the most common type.

Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics, histology, risk factors and prognosis of these patients, in a Chilean public hospital in Chile.

Material And Methods: Records of 55 patients (45 males) aged between 23 and 67 years with lymphoma and HIV positive serology, diagnosed between 1992-2008, were reviewed.