Publications by authors named "Andres Ruiz-Soler"

The low long-term patency of bypass grafts is a major concern for cardiovascular treatments. Unfavourable haemodynamic conditions in the proximity of distal anastomosis are closely related to thrombus creation and lumen lesions. Modern graft designs address this unfavourable haemodynamic environment with the introduction of a helical component in the flow field, either by means of out-of-plane helicity graft geometry or a spiral ridge.

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Graft failure is currently a major concern for medical practitioners in treating Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). It is now widely accepted that unfavourable haemodynamic conditions play an essential role in the formation and development of intimal hyperplasia, which is the main cause of graft failure. This paper uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to conduct a parametric study to enhance the design and performance of a novel prosthetic graft, which utilises internal ridge(s) to induce spiral flow.

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In the present work, numerical simulations were conducted for a typical end-to-side distal graft anastomosis to assess the effects of inducing secondary flow, which is believed to remove unfavourable flow environment. Simulations were carried out for four models, generated based on two main features of 'out-of-plane helicity' and 'spiral ridge' in the grafts as well as their combination. Following a qualitative comparison against in vitro data, various mean flow and hemodynamic parameters were compared and the results showed that helicity is significantly more effective in inducing swirling flow in comparison to a spiral ridge, while their combination could be even more effective.

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