Role of Prolonged Intubation in Vocal Fold Motion Impairment in Critically Ill Patients.

Objective: COVID-19 upsurge in orotracheal intubation (OTI) has opened a new opportunity for studying associated complications. Vocal fold motion impairment (VFMI) is a known complication of OTI. The present study sought to determine the impact of OTI and prolonged OTI on the risk of developing VFMI; to identify both risk and protective factors associated with it.

Improved vocal quality and decreased vocal effort after botulinum toxin treatment for laryngeal dystonia.

Objectives: Laryngeal dystonia (LD) is characterized by irregular and involuntary task-specific spasms of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. There is no curative treatment for it, however, laryngeal botulinum neurotoxin injections (BoNT-I) are considered the standard of care therapy. This study aims to characterize the population of LD patients and to assess the results of laryngeal BoNT-I.

Development and Validation of a Laryngeal Microsurgery Simulation Training System for Otolaryngology Residents.

Objective: This study aims to create a synthetic laryngeal microsurgery simulation model and training program; to assess its face, content, and construct validity; and to review the available phonomicrosurgery simulation models in the literature.

Study Design: Nonrandomly assigned control study.

Setting: Simulation training course for the otolaryngology residency program at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

Management of Contralateral Reactive Vocal Fold Lesions, a Retrospective Study.

Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and voice results of conservative management of patients diagnosed with contralateral reactive lesions (CRL) in our voice unit.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all new adult patients with benign vocal fold lesions with or without CRL, treated in the voice unit at Universidad Católica Clinical Hospital between 2015 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups, without CRL (group A) and with CRL (group B).

Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease.

Introduction: Ménière's disease is a disorder of the inner ear characterized by episodes of spontaneous vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitus. Positive pressure therapy has been used to reduce the intensity and frequency of episodes, but it is not clear whether it is actually effective.

Methods: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others.

Topical tranexamic acid for spontaneous epistaxis.

Introduction: Spontaneous epistaxis is one of the most frequent problems in emergency services. New treatment alternatives have emerged, including topical tranexamic acid. However, there is controversy about the actual efficacy of this alternative.

Omalizumab for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a high prevalence chronic inflammatory disease that involves nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. Immunoglobulin E is an inflammatory mediator that plays an etiopathogenic role in this condition, so omalizumab, an anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody, might be a therapeutic alternative.

Methods: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others.

Anti-interleukin 5 therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis is the inflammation of sinonasal mucosa lasting longer than 12 weeks. Two clinical forms are distinguished: chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps and without polyps. Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps exhibit high levels of interleukin 5, which promotes differentiation and survival of eosinophils.

Are diuretics effective for Ménière`s disease?

Introduction: Ménière`s disease is an inner ear disorder characterized by episodes of spontaneous vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitus. Diuretics have been widely used for the treatment of attacks, but there is controversy about their effectiveness.

Methods: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others.

Is betahistine effective for Ménière’s disease?

Problem: Meniere’s disease is an inner ear disorder characterized by episodes of spontaneous vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitus. Betahistine has been used to reduce intensity and frecuency of vertigo attacks, but there is controversy regarding its effectiveness.

Methods: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others.