Safety assessment for Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (Irgafos 168) used as an antioxidant and stabilizer in food contact applications.

During and after fabrication of polymeric food contact articles (FCA), polymers undergo oxidation by thermal decomposition processes initiated by oxygen, heat, light, shear, and catalyst residues. To reduce degradation of the polymer, a commonly used secondary antioxidant (AO), Irgafos 168 (I-168), may be included. Use of I-168 in polymeric FCAs presents a potential concern for neurotoxicity due to its phosphate-containing degradation species, I-168ate.

Preparation of Dental Resins Resistant to Enzymatic and Hydrolytic Degradation in Oral Environments.

The short average service life of traditional dental composite restorative materials and increasing occurrence of secondary caries adjacent to composite restorations and sealants are necessitating the development of new, longer lasting compositions. Novel monomers and their polymers, reinforcing fillers, and adhesive components are needed. The goal of this research is to develop resin systems for use in restorations, sealants, and other dental services that are superior in properties and endurance to currently used bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA/TEGDMA) and urethane-dimethacrylate products.

Acid-labile mPEG-vinyl ether-1,2-dioleylglycerol lipids with tunable pH sensitivity: synthesis and structural effects on hydrolysis rates, DOPE liposome release performance, and pharmacokinetics.

A family of 3-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-vinyl ether-1,2-dioleylglycerol (mPEG-VE-DOG) lipopolymer conjugates, designed on the basis of DFT calculations to possess a wide range of proton affinities, was synthesized and tested for their hydrolysis kinetics in neutral and acidic buffers. Extruded ∼100 nm liposomes containing these constructs in ≥90 mol % 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) produced dispersions that retained their calcein cargo for more than 2 days at pH 7.5, but released the encapsulated contents over a wide range of time scales as a function of the electronic properties of the vinyl ether linkage, the solution pH, and the mPEG-VE-DOG composition in the membrane.

Fibronectin attachment protein from bacillus Calmette-Guerin as targeting agent for bladder tumor cells.

The adjuvant therapy of choice for superficial bladder cancer is the intravesical instillation of live Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Despite the fact that this therapy is the most effective treatment for superficial bladder cancer, intravesical administration of BCG is associated with high local morbidity and the potential for systemic infection. Therefore, there is a need for the development of safer, less toxic approaches to fight this disease.