A Pilot Study on the Functional Stability of Phonation in EEG Bands After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition with constantly increasing prevalence rates, affecting strongly life quality in terms of neuromotor and cognitive performance. PD symptoms include voice and speech alterations, known as hypokinetic dysarthria (HD). Unstable phonation is one of the manifestations of HD.

A Methodology to Differentiate Parkinson's Disease and Aging Speech Based on Glottal Flow Acoustic Analysis.

Speech is controlled by axial neuromotor systems, therefore, it is highly sensitive to the effects of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Parkinson's Disease (PD). Patients suffering from PD present important alterations in speech, which are manifested in phonation, articulation, prosody, and fluency. These alterations may be evaluated using statistical methods on features obtained from glottal, spectral, cepstral, or fractal descriptions of speech.

Neuromechanical Modelling of Articulatory Movements from Surface Electromyography and Speech Formants.

Speech articulation is produced by the movements of muscles in the larynx, pharynx, mouth and face. Therefore speech shows acoustic features as formants which are directly related with neuromotor actions of these muscles. The first two formants are strongly related with jaw and tongue muscular activity.

Vowel Articulation Dynamic Stability Related to Parkinson's Disease Rating Features: Male Dataset.

Neurodegenerative pathologies as Parkinson's Disease (PD) show important distortions in speech, affecting fluency, prosody, articulation and phonation. Classically, measurements based on articulation gestures altering formant positions, as the Vocal Space Area (VSA) or the Formant Centralization Ratio (FCR) have been proposed to measure speech distortion, but these markers are based mainly on static positions of sustained vowels. The present study introduces a measurement based on the mutual information distance among probability density functions of kinematic correlates derived from formant dynamics.

Parkinson Disease Detection from Speech Articulation Neuromechanics.

The research described is intended to give a description of articulation dynamics as a correlate of the kinematic behavior of the jaw-tongue biomechanical system, encoded as a probability distribution of an absolute joint velocity. This distribution may be used in detecting and grading speech from patients affected by neurodegenerative illnesses, as Parkinson Disease. The work hypothesis is that the probability density function of the absolute joint velocity includes information on the stability of phonation when applied to sustained vowels, as well as on fluency if applied to connected speech.