Expression of accessory genes in Salmonella requires the presence of the Gre factors.

Genomic studies with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium reveal a crucial role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the acquisition of accessory cellular functions involved in host-interaction. Many virulence genes are located in genomic islands, plasmids and prophages. GreA and GreB proteins, Gre factors, interact transiently with the RNA polymerase alleviating backtracked complexes during transcription elongation.

Gre Factors Are Required for Biofilm Formation in Serovar Typhimurium by Targeting Transcription of the Gene.

Rdar biofilm formation of and is a common ancient multicellular behavior relevant in cell-cell and inter-organism interactions equally, as in interaction with biotic and abiotic surfaces. With the expression of the characteristic extracellular matrix components amyloid curli fimbriae and the exopolysaccharide cellulose, the central hub for the delicate regulation of rdar morphotype expression is the orphan transcriptional regulator CsgD. Gre factors are ubiquitously interacting with RNA polymerase to selectively overcome transcriptional pausing.

Tribological properties of polypropylene composites with carbon nanotubes and sepiolite.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and sepiolite (SEP) were modified in order to improve their compatibility with the polypropylene (PP) matrix. Carboxylic groups were introduced into the CNTs through an oxidative treatment and aliphatic chains were incorporated on SEP by ion exchange of a cationic surfactant. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PPgMA) was mixed with neat PP to introduce polar groups into the polymer matrix.

Reinforcement of polymeric latexes by in situ polymerization.

Two silicas with different particle sizes have been synthesized by the Stöber method. The particles have been functionalized with methacryloyl groups. In situ emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in the presence of functionalized silica particles was performed.