Pituitary T1 signal intensity at magnetic resonance imaging is reduced in patients with obesity: results from the CHIASM study.

Background: Despite obesity being well known to be associated with several pituitary hormone imbalances, pituitary appearance in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with obesity is understudied.

Objective: To evaluate the pituitary volume and signal intensity at MRI in patients with obesity.

Methods: This is a prospective study performed in an endocrine Italian referral center (ClinicalTrial.

A transient magnetic resonance spectroscopy peri-ischemic peak: a possible radiological biomarker of post-stroke neurogenesis.

Background And Aims: In adult human brain, neurogenesis seems to persist throughout life and ischemic stroke was proved to stimulate this process. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a 1.28-ppm peak, putative biomarker of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), was identified both in vitro and in vivo, i.

Association Between Device-Detected Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Implantable Defibrillator Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing is highly prevalent in heart failure (HF) and has been suggested as a risk factor for malignant ventricular arrhythmias. The Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) computed by an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) algorithm accurately identifies severe sleep apnea.

Objectives: In the present analysis, the authors evaluated the association between ICD-detected sleep apnea and the incidence of appropriate ICD therapies in patients with HF.

Use of CPAP Failure Score to Predict the Risk of Helmet-CPAP Support Failure in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study.

(1) Background: the aim of this study was to create a score to predict the incidence of CPAP failure in COVID-19 patients early. (2) Methods: in this retrospective observational study, we included all consecutive adult patients admitted between February and April 2021. The main outcome was the failure of CPAP support (intubation or death).

A giant isolated right coronary aneurism.

A previously healthy 32-year-old female hailing from Mexico presented to the emergency department with rectorrhagia. Caseating granulomas were detected on histopathological analysis from cecum ulcerative lesions. A purified protein derivative skin test resulted positive.

Multiparametric Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Algorithm for Heart Failure Risk Stratification and Management: An Analysis in Clinical Practice.

Background: The HeartLogic algorithm combines multiple implantable cardioverter-defibrillator sensors to identify patients at risk of heart failure (HF) events. We sought to evaluate the risk stratification ability of this algorithm in clinical practice. We also analyzed the alert management strategies adopted in the study group and their association with the occurrence of HF events.

Is Lung Ultrasound Imaging a Worthwhile Procedure for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Detection?

Objectives: We compared 2 imaging modalities in patients suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blinded to the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, lung ultrasound (LUS) examinations and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed, and the specific characteristics of these imaging studies were assessed.

Methods: From March 15, 2020, to April 15, 2020, 63 consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective pilot study.

Chest CT for early detection and management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a report of 314 patients admitted to Emergency Department with suspected pneumonia.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to assess the potential role of chest CT in the early detection of COVID-19 pneumonia and to explore its role in patient management in an adult Italian population admitted to the Emergency Department.

Methods: Three hundred and fourteen patients presented with clinically suspected COVID-19, from March 3 to 23, 2020, were evaluated with PaO2/FIO2 ratio from arterial blood gas, RT-PCR assay from nasopharyngeal swab sample and chest CT. Patients were classified as COVID-19 negative and COVID-19 positive according to RT-PCR results, considered as a reference.

Chest CT score in COVID-19 patients: correlation with disease severity and short-term prognosis.

Objectives: To correlate a CT-based semi-quantitative score of pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia with clinical staging of disease and laboratory findings. We also aimed to investigate whether CT findings may be predictive of patients' outcome.

Methods: From March 6 to March 22, 2020, 130 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 patients were enrolled for this single-center analysis and chest CT examinations were retrospectively evaluated.

Early Post-cooling Brain Magnetic Resonance for the Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Newborns with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Aim And Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive role of early post-cooling brain magnetic resonance for developmental outcome in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 29 consecutive patients through magnetic resonance evaluation (visual analysis of the images and scoring of the detected lesions; mean diffusivity of semioval centre and lenticular nuclei; and area under the curve of basal ganglia -acetylaspartate at proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging) and Griffiths Mental Development Scales-third edition at 12 and 24 months.

Results: Brain magnetic resonance was performed at a mean age of 5.

Ultrasound as a new tool in the assessment of airway difficulties: An observational study.

Background: Prediction of difficult mask ventilation (DMV) is as challenging as difficult laryngoscopy. Ultrasound could be a helpful tool in the prediction of these difficulties.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of pre-operative ultrasound assessment of neck anatomy in predicting DMV and difficult laryngoscopy in patients undergoing during elective surgery requiring tracheal intubation.

The key role of the radiologist in the management of polytrauma patients: indications for MDCT imaging in emergency radiology.

Trauma causes greater losses of life years and it is the most common cause of death for people under the age of 45. Time is one of the most relevant factors for the survival of injured patients, particularly the time elapsed from trauma until the resuscitation procedures. As a member of the trauma team, the radiologist contributes to the rapid diagnosis of traumatic disorders, with appropriate imaging modalities.

Differences in clinical characteristics, management and short-term outcome between acute heart failure patients chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and those without this co-morbidity.

Aim-methods: ALARM-HF was a retrospective, observational registry that included 4,953 patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF) in six European countries, Turkey, Mexico and Australia. Data about respiratory disorders and related medications were available for 4,616 patients with AHF.

Results: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients (n = 1,143, 24.

3T diffusion tensor imaging and electroneurography of peripheral nerve: a morphofunctional analysis in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic potential of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for pathologies of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) through clinical, electrophysiological and morphological evaluation of the median nerve.

Methods: The present work was a multilevel prospective study involving 30 subjects, 15 of whom had carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and 15 healthy controls. All subjects underwent clinical evaluation through administration of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ), electroneurography (ENG), 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging with DTI, and calculation of fractional anisotropy (FA) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) at the flexor retinaculum.

Effects of CPAP on systemic hypertension in OSAH: a monocentric, observational, cohort study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) is a risk factor for development of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and can worse the control of established SAH. We investigated the effects of long-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in controlling and preventing SAH in a large cohort of subjects referred for sleep study for suspected OSAH.

Methods: In 495 subjects of whom 422 with OSAH and 73 without OSAH, the clinical history was obtained, arterial blood pressure was measured and the current anti-hypertensive drugs was recorded at diagnosis and/or at CPAP start.

Imaging assessment of acute pancreatitis: a review.

Acute pancreatitis is one of the more commonly encountered etiologies in the emergency setting. While in the majority of cases it is a self-limiting disease which responds rapidly to conservative management, in some cases acute pancreatitis may present with a more pronounced, sometimes dramatic, clinical picture and requires immediate medical care to avoid fatal complication. In this context, imaging plays a significant role because it enables identification of the development of the disease and local/systemic complications.

[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and cardiovascular diseases].

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is one of the most common respiratory disorders in humans. There is emerging evidence linking OSA to vascular disease, particularly hypertension. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that link OSA to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation are not entirely understood, although they certainly include mechanical events, increased sympathetic activity and oxidative stress.

The management of emergency radiology: key facts.

Diagnostic imaging is very important in the diagnosis and management of the emergency patient. It is necessary for the emergency radiology unit to be located within the Emergency Department, and to allow the interdisciplinary management of the patient by all specialists. Logistics, technological equipment and staff of the emergency radiology unit must be designed and worked out in the best way to guarantee the fastest and effective assistance to the emergency patient.