Cellular and humoral immune responsiveness to inactivated Leptospira interrogans in dogs vaccinated with a tetravalent Leptospira vaccine.

Vaccination is commonly used to protect dogs against leptospirosis, however, memory immune responses induced by canine Leptospira vaccines have not been studied. In the present study, antibody and T cell mediated responses were assessed in dogs before and 2 weeks after annual revaccination with a commercial tetravalent Leptospira vaccine containing serogroups Canicola and Australis. Vaccination significantly increased average log IgG titers from 6.

Transcriptome and proteome analysis of innate immune responses to inactivated Leptospira and bivalent Leptospira vaccines in canine 030-D cells.

Mandatory potency testing of Leptospira vaccine batches relies partially on in vivo procedures, requiring large numbers of laboratory animals. Cell-based assays could replace in vivo tests for vaccine quality control if biomarkers indicative of Leptospira vaccine potency are identified. We investigated innate immune responsiveness induced by inactivated L.

Activation of Canine, Mouse and Human TLR2 and TLR4 by Inactivated Vaccine Strains.

Canine vaccines contain inactivated strains of pathogenic , the causative agents of leptospirosis. For an effective response to vaccination, activation of the innate immune system pattern recognition receptors such as TLRs is crucial. However, it is not known which TLRs are activated by in dogs.

Inhibition of the extrinsic or intrinsic coagulation pathway during pneumonia-derived sepsis.

Pneumonia is the most frequent cause of sepsis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen in pneumonia and sepsis. Infection is associated with activation of the coagulation system. Coagulation can be activated by the extrinsic and intrinsic routes, mediated by factor VII (FVII) and factor XII (FXII), respectively.