Effects of Noise Exposure and Ageing on Anxiety and Social Behaviour in Zebrafish.

Noise pollution is creating a wide range of health problems related to physiological stress and anxiety that impact the social life of vertebrates, including humans. Ageing is known to be associated with changes in susceptibility to acoustic stimuli; however, the interaction between noise effects and senescence is not well understood. We tested the effects of 24 h continuous white noise (150 dB re 1 Pa) on both young adults and old zebrafish in terms of anxiety (novel tank diving test), social interactions (with mirror/conspecific attraction), and shoaling behaviour.

Behavioral and endocrine responses to noninteractive live and video conspecifics in males of the Siamese fighting fish.

The physiological mechanisms underlying variation in aggression in fish remain poorly understood. One possibly confounding variable is the lack of standardization in the type of stimuli used to elicit aggression. The presentation of controlled stimuli in videos, a.

Prevalence of premalignant and malignant skin lesions in oculocutaneous albinism patients.

Objective: Oculocutaneous albinism describes a group of pigmentary disorders that lead to skin sensitivity and predisposition to skin malignances.

Aims: To analyze clinical and epidemiological data in oculocutaneous albinism patients and to determine the prevalence of malignant skin lesions, assessing possible risk factors for skin cancer.

Methods: Cross-sectional study evaluating epidemiological data, habits of sun exposure and sun protection, and clinical examination of albino patients followed in a reference dermatology outpatient clinic in Brasil.

Androgens and corticosteroids increase in response to mirror images and interacting conspecifics in males of the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens.

The role of hormones as modulators of aggressive behavior in fish remains poorly understood. Androgens and corticosteroids, in particular, have been associated with aggressive behavior in fish but it is still not clear if animals adjust the secretion of these hormones to regulate behavior during ongoing fights, in response to fight outcomes in order to adjust aggressive behavior in subsequent fights, or both. With its stereotyped displays and high aggression levels, the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens is an excellent model to investigate this question.

Chromosome-level reference genome of the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens, a model species for the study of aggression.

Background: Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens are notorious for their aggressiveness and accordingly have been widely used to study aggression. However, the lack of a reference genome has, to date, limited the understanding of the genetic basis of aggression in this species. Here, we present the first reference genome assembly of the Siamese fighting fish.

Vocal differentiation parallels development of auditory saccular sensitivity in a highly soniferous fish.

Vocal differentiation is widely documented in birds and mammals but has been poorly investigated in other vertebrates, including fish, which represent the oldest extant vertebrate group. Neural circuitry controlling vocal behaviour is thought to have evolved from conserved brain areas that originated in fish, making this taxon key to understanding the evolution and development of the vertebrate vocal-auditory systems. This study examines ontogenetic changes in the vocal repertoire and whether vocal differentiation parallels auditory development in the Lusitanian toadfish Halobatrachus didactylus (Batrachoididae).

The linkage between psoriasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a literature review.

Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease mainly affecting the skin. Population-based surveys have shown a higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with psoriasis compared with the general population, especially in those with a greater psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). It is speculated that similar pathogenic bases may play a role in this association, highlighting insulin resistance and the release of inflammatory cytokines as the most likely causes.

Refractory erythrodermic psoriasis in a child with an excellent outcome by using etanercept.

Psoriasis affects 0.12% to 0.71% of all children.

Adhesives bonded to erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser-irradiated dentin: transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and tensile bond strength analyses.

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation on dentinal collagen by transmission electron microscopy and to analyze the resin-dentin interface by scanning electron microscopy. A tensile bond strength test was also applied. Specimens from 69 sound human third molars were randomly divided into three groups: control (no laser), and two irradiated groups, laser 250 (250 mJ/2 Hz) and laser 400 (400 mJ/4 Hz).

Solvent-related chronic toxic encephalopathy as a target in the worker's mental health research.

The article is aimed at discussing the theoretical grounds which support the diagnosis of solvent-related chronic encephalopathy in the field of the worker's mental health, having it as a target in this area. The psychiatric, neurological and labor health postulates which contribute to the multidisciplinary description of such diagnostic category are presented.