The Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on the Sleep of Women of Reproductive Age.

Research about the effects of hormonal contraceptives on sleep has been performed but is subjected to important levels of methodological heterogeneity. Hormonal contraceptives impact sleep, but the direction of this association is not clear. Most studies describe a negative sleep profile among contraceptive users, including increased sleepiness, insomnia symptoms, decreased sleep efficiency, and a reduced overall sleep quality.

Preliminary investigation of the administration of biperiden to reduce relapses in individuals with cocaine/crack user disorder: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that ACh modulates the dopaminergic circuit in the nucleus accumbens, and its blockade appears to be associated with the inhibition of the reinforced effect or the increase in dopamine caused by cocaine use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biperiden (a muscarinic receptor antagonist with a relatively higher affinity for the M1 receptor) on crack/cocaine use relapse compared to a control group that received placebo.

Methods: This study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Histopathological and molecular methods as complementary diagnostic in case of lymphadenopathies suggestive of bovine tuberculosis.

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronically evolving zoonotic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Anatomopathological examination during post mortem inspection in bovines is the main resource engaged in sanitary slaughter; however, it is very troublesome since many granulomatous inflammatory processes have similar morphological characteristics. Thus, this study aims to use complementary diagnosis methods (histopathological and polymerase chain reaction - PCR assays) to confirm the macroscopic assessment of lymphadenopathies indicative of tuberculosis in bovines slaughtered in a refrigerated slaughterhouse in Tailândia city, PA, Brazil.

Impact of the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep patterns of a Brazilian population sample.

Humanitarian and health crisis have drastic effects on the physical and mental well-being of people. The COVID-19 pandemic forced many countries to impose containment measures on its population to halt the spread of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). This aim of this study was to explore self-reported sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in a sample of the Brazilian population before and during the COVID-19 quarantine period.

Muscle mineral profile of water buffaloes () reared in different production systems of the Brazilian Eastern Amazon.

Healthy food must have an adequate balance of macroelements, such as calcium or phosphorus and, microelements, such as iron, copper. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of three extensive systems, during the dry and rainy seasons, and an intensive (feedlot) system in the Eastern Amazon, on the muscle mineral profile of water buffaloes. In total, 12 male buffaloes, aged between 24 and 36 months, slaughtered in commercial slaughterhouses, were used in each of the systems considered: Marajó island, Santarém, Nova Timboteua, and a feedlot.

A Systematic Review on Alcohol Consumption among Non-Religious and Religious Adults.

Research has suggested that religiosity is a protective factor in alcohol use, but this is an area that could be further explored. To undertake a systematic review of the literature on drinking patterns and their relationship with religiosity and non-religiosity in adult populations. We searched for relevant studies using the PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, and Psych-INFO databases.

Short report: Spatial distribution and growth of sheep farming in Brazilian Amazon.

Sheep farming has grown substantially in the Brazilian Amazon over the previous three decades. This article analyzes the spatial distribution and the dynamics of sheep herd growth using data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics-IBGE from 1990 to 2020. The sheep herd growth rates and densities were estimated to assess its dynamics.

The effects of hormonal contraceptive use on sleep in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hormonal contraceptives are some of the most widely used medications worldwide, but studies on their effects on sleep are contradictory, with some reporting a sleep-promoting effect, while others a sleep-inhibiting effect. Our objective was, therefore, to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on this subject to try to clarify their effects. A search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science).

Technologies Used in Production Systems for Santa Inês Sheep: A Systematic Review.

This study identifies the number of publications that presented technologies used in the production systems of Santa Inês sheep in the last 5 years (2017-2021) carried out in Brazil. Therefore, the objective was to identify where we are in terms of knowledge about technologies in different fields (health, reproduction, animal breeding, behavior and welfare, nutrition and feeding, forage and pasture, carcass and meat quality, and economics and management of livestock systems). After rigorous selection, 114 studies were appointed and classified by knowledge field, and the main approaches within each theme were evaluated, pointing out research gaps.

Omega-3 for the Prevention of Alcohol Use Disorder Relapse: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Recent studies have sought to identify the possible benefits of the intake of omega-3, an important component of neuronal membranes, for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

Aim: The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether omega-3 supplementation is protective against alcohol use disorder relapse after hospital discharge.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out with severe alcohol dependence.

Total Lipids, Fatty Acid Composition, Total Cholesterol and Lipid-Soluble Antioxidant Vitamins in the Muscle of Water Buffalo () from Different Production Systems of the Brazilian Eastern Amazon.

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of distinct production systems and seasonal variation in the Brazilian Eastern Amazon on the meat lipid composition of water buffaloes. Water buffaloes were reared in commercial farms in the Eastern Amazon either in extensive systems (Marajó Island, Nova Timboteua and Santarém locations), during rainy or dry seasons, or intensive (feedlot) systems. Animals reared in extensive systems were fed natural pastures, and those reared in feedlots were fed sorghum silage and commercial pellets.

Drug Use Frequency Variation and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: an Online Survey.

In December 2019, a new disease caused by a coronavirus was first identified in China and quickly spread across the world, causing a large number of deaths. Quarantine has been implemented in many countries as a measure to prevent the spread of the disease. The impact of this situation on drug use and mental health is still poorly understood.

Hot flashes, insomnia, and the reproductive stages: a cross-sectional observation of women from the EPISONO study.

Study Objectives: To investigate the association of hot flashes and insomnia in women in premenopause and postmenopause.

Methods: The study was performed using data from the São Paulo Epidemiological Sleep Study. Women in premenopause were classified as having regular menstrual cycles, being anovulatory, or using hormonal contraceptives.

Water buffalo production in the Brazilian Amazon Basin: a review.

The Brazilian Amazon has witnessed, in the last decades, an increase in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) inventory, with interesting productivity results. As the Brazilian Amazon contains the main water buffalo population in the Americas, the aim of this work is to review its most relevant production systems and some peculiarities about meat and milk production in this territory. The opening section describes the Amazon Basin, the most common water buffalo breeds, a brief history of the local livestock farming beginning in 1644.

Pathogen-specific changes in composition and quality traits of milk from goats affected by subclinical intramammary infections.

We investigated the effects of pathogens associated with subclinical intramammary infections on yield, composition and quality indicators of goat milk. By means of a longitudinal study, individual half udder milk samples (n = 132) were collected at different lactation periods and assessed for milk yield and physicochemical composition, somatic cell count (SCC), total bacteria count (TBC) and microbiological culture. Staphylococci species accounted for the great majority of the isolates (96.

COVID-19 meta-analyses: a scoping review and quality assessment.

Objective: To carry out a scoping review of the meta-analyses published regarding about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), evaluating their main characteristics, publication trends and methodological quality.

Methods: A bibliometric search was performed in PubMed®, Scopus and Web of Science, focusing on meta-analyses about COVID-2019 disease. Bibliometric and descriptive data for the included articles were extracted and the methodological quality of the included meta-analyses was evaluated using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews.

Effects of sleep deprivation on maternal behaviour in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pregnancy is a period of numerous physical and emotional changes in women's lives, including alterations in sleep patterns and worsening of pre-existing sleep disturbances, which possibly lead to impaired postpartum maternal behaviour and mother-infant relationship. The effects of sleep deprivation during pregnancy in maternal behaviour have been evaluated in preclinical studies, but have provided inconsistent results. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of sleep deprivation during pregnancy on maternal behaviour of animals through a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Effects of biperiden (cholinergic muscarinic m1/m4 receptor antagonist) on ethanol conditioned place preference in mice.

Background: Previous studies suggest that muscarinic cholinergic receptors might act upon the dopamine release in the mesolimbic system and alter drug-reinforcing values related to drug craving.

Aims: We examined the effects of systemic biperiden administration, a muscarinic cholinergic (M1/M4) receptor antagonist, on ethanol (dose of 2 g/Kg) conditioned place preference (CPP), neuronal activation, dopamine and its metabolites levels in the nucleus accumbens.

Methods: Thirty minutes before the ethanol-induced CPP test, mice received saline or biperiden at doses of 1.

Thermoregulatory and Behavioral Responses of Buffaloes With and Without Direct Sun Exposure During Abnormal Environmental Condition in Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil.

This study aimed to assess the effect of thermal-hydraulic variables in female buffaloes with or without direct solar exposure in a year of strong El Niño through behavior responses and infrared thermography to reinforce the environmental comfort indicators, in Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in Cachoeira do Arari municipality and 20 female Murrah buffaloes were randomly assigned to two groups: Group WS ( = 10) was kept in pickets with native trees. Group NS ( = 10) was kept in crush squeeze with no shade.

Infrared Thermography to Assess Thermoregulatory Reactions of Female Buffaloes in a Humid Tropical Environment.

This study employed infrared thermography to assess the thermoregulatory responses of female buffaloes reared in a hot and humid climate as a function of variations in time and the thermal environment, and to correlate rectal temperature with that of different body areas. The trial was carried out at Embrapa Eastern Amazon (01°26'S and 48°24'W) in Belém, PA, Brazil. Twenty-four female buffaloes fed exclusively on pasture and exposed to the sun throughout the day in an open area were used.

OMEGA-3 Interventions in Alcohol Dependence and Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Propositions.

Background: Pharmacological treatment for alcohol dependence has only three approved drugs: disulfiram, naltrexone and acamprosate. The effects of these drugs are, however, limited, presenting several side effects and a modestly higher efficacy compared to placebo. The administration of omega-3 might bring new perspectives to relapse prevention.

Hormonal contraceptive use and subjective sleep reports in women: An online survey.

Female sexual hormones have known hypnogenic effects and the use of hormonal replacement therapy in postmenopausal women leads to improvement in sleep quality. However, the effects of hormonal contraceptives in women of reproductive age are still scarcely understood. This study sought to evaluate the impact of hormonal contraceptive use on subjective self-reports of sleep through a web-based cross-sectional survey.

Gender differences in the application of anthropometric measures for evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea.

This study aims to investigate anthropometric measures and their effectiveness as screening method for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in each gender. We also evaluated which measures were associated with OSA in the adult population of a large metropolitan city, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 552 women and 450 men were submitted to polysomnography (PSG), and the anthropometric measurements as body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio, neck and waist circumference were collected.