Adipose gene expression profiles in Northern Finncattle, Mirandesa cattle, Yakutian cattle and commercial Holstein cattle.

The drastic change in global climate has led to in-depth studies of the geneticresources of native cattle adapted to challenging environments. Native cattle breeds may harbor unique genetic mechanisms that have enabled them adapt to their given environmental conditions. Adipose tissues are key factors in the regulation of metabolism and energy balance and are crucial for the molecular switches needed to adapt to rapid environmental and nutritional changes.

Key co-expressed genes correlated with blood serum parameters of pigs fed with different fatty acid profile diets.

This study investigated how gene expression is affected by dietary fatty acids (FA) by using pigs as a reliable model for studying human diseases that involve lipid metabolism. This includes changes in FA composition in the liver, blood serum parameters and overall metabolic pathways. RNA-Seq data from 32 pigs were analyzed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA).

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales strains causing infections in companion animals-Portugal.

Unlabelled: An increase in carbapenem-resistant human nosocomial strains is occurring in Europe, namely with the and genes. We determined the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales clinical strains in companion animals in Portugal and characterized their mobile genetic elements. Susceptibility data of a consecutive collection of 977 Enterobacterales clinical strains from a Portuguese private veterinary diagnostic laboratory were evaluated (January-December 2020).

Colchicine Poisoning: A Rare Case.

Intoxication by colchicine is rare, and its rapid recognition is crucial, as severe toxicity or death is reported in 10% of cases. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old female admitted to the emergency department 24 hours after ingesting 10 mg of colchicine. Upon examination, she was conscious and hemodynamically stable.

Dissemination of bla-carrying IncX3-type plasmid among non-clonal Escherichia coli strains colonising a dog with a skin infection caused by a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, United Kingdom.

A successful outcome of a post-surgical wound infection management by a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is described in a dog. Four multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli strains belonging to ST410 (n = 1) and ST648 (n = 3) were isolated from faecal samples and nasal swabs of this dog at admission to a veterinary hospital in the United Kingdom, and one month after discharge. Whole-genome sequencing analysis suggests dissemination of a 46,161-bp IncX3 bla-carrying plasmid among E.

Longitudinal study of ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales strains sharing between cohabiting healthy companion animals and humans in Portugal and in the United Kingdom.

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase (AmpC)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL/AmpC-E) are an increasing healthcare problem in both human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible sharing of ESBL/AmpC-E strains between healthy companion animals and humans of the same household in Portugal (PT) and the United Kingdom (UK). In a prospective longitudinal study, between 2018 and 2020, faecal samples were collected from healthy dogs (n=90), cats (n=20) and their cohabiting humans (n=119) belonging to 41 PT and 44 UK households.

Gastrointestinal parasites of wild carnivores from conservation institutions in the Cerrado of Goiás, Brazil.

Increased interaction between wild and urban environments owing to human population growth, increased anthropization of biomes, and habitat loss for wild animals increases the spread of infectious and parasitic agents. The present study reports on the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in carnivorous mammals at two conservation institutions in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Fecal samples from 39 adult carnivores were collected after spontaneous defecation and analyzed by flotation and sedimentation.

Lost pigs of Angola: Whole genome sequencing reveals unique regions of selection with emphasis on metabolism and feed efficiency.

Angola, in the western coast of Africa, has been through dramatic social events that have led to the near-disappearance of native swine populations, and the recent introduction of European exotic breeds has also contributed to the erosion of this native swine repertoire. In an effort to investigate the genetic basis of native pigs in Angola (ANG) we have generated whole genomes from animals of a remote local pig population in Huambo province, which we have compared with 78 genomes of European and Asian pig breeds as well as European and Asian wild boars that are currently in public domain. Analyses of population structure showed that ANG pigs grouped within the European cluster and were clearly separated from Asian pig breeds.

colistin resistance gene sharing between from cohabiting dogs and humans, Lisbon, Portugal, 2018 to 2020.

BackgroundThe emergence of colistin resistance is a One Health antimicrobial resistance challenge worldwide. The close contact between companion animals and humans creates opportunities for transmission and dissemination of colistin-resistant bacteria.AimTo detect potential animal reservoirs of colistin-resistant and investigate the possible sharing of these bacteria between dogs, cats and their cohabiting humans in the community in Lisbon, Portugal.

Outbreak of follicular conjunctivitis associated with the diagnosis of anaplasmosis in a sheep herd.

Objective: To report an outbreak of follicular conjunctivitis in a group of sheep diagnosed with Anaplasma spp., without any other co-infection.

Animals Studied: In all, 18 animals from a sheep head, males and females, from eight months to four years of age, were assessed for follicular conjunctivitis.

IsomiR_Window: a system for analyzing small-RNA-seq data in an integrative and user-friendly manner.

Background: IsomiRs are miRNA variants that vary in length and/or sequence when compared to their canonical forms. These variants display differences in length and/or sequence, including additions or deletions of one or more nucleotides (nts) at the 5' and/or 3' end, internal editings or untemplated 3' end additions. Most available tools for small RNA-seq data analysis do not allow the identification of isomiRs and often require advanced knowledge of bioinformatics.

Canine Primary Corneal Fibrosarcoma - Case Report.

This is the first report of a primary corneal fibrosarcoma in a canine. A 4-year-old male dog, Blue Heeler, owas examined because of a reddish nodular mass in the right eye. A complete ophthalmic exam was conducted, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry, fundoscopy, ocular and abdominal ultrasound, hemogram, serum biochemistry profile, and a thoracic X-ray.

Genomic Tools for the Conservation and Genetic Improvement of a Highly Fragmented Breed-The Ramo Grande Cattle from the Azores.

Ramo Grande is a local cattle breed raised in the archipelago of Azores, with a small and dispersed census, where inbreeding control is of utmost importance. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Beadchip array was used to assess inbreeding, by analysis of genomic regions harboring contiguous homozygous genotypes named runs of homozygosity (ROH), and to estimate past effective population size by analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD). Genetic markers associated with production traits were also investigated, exploiting the unique genetic and adaptation features of this breed.

Modelling gas-liquid mass transfer in wastewater treatment: when current knowledge needs to encounter engineering practice and vice versa.

Gas-liquid mass transfer in wastewater treatment processes has received considerable attention over the last decades from both academia and industry. Indeed, improvements in modelling gas-liquid mass transfer can bring huge benefits in terms of reaction rates, plant energy expenditure, acid-base equilibria and greenhouse gas emissions. Despite these efforts, there is still no universally valid correlation between the design and operating parameters of a wastewater treatment plant and the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficients.

Towards improved accuracy in modeling aeration efficiency through understanding bubble size distribution dynamics.

Aeration is the largest energy consumer in most water and resource recovery facilities, which is why oxygen transfer optimization is fundamental to improve energy efficiency. Although oxygen transfer is strongly influenced by the bubble size distribution dynamics, most aeration efficiency models currently do not include this influence explicitly. In few cases, they assume a single average bubble size.

Autoimmunity and allergy control in adults submitted to complete thymectomy early in infancy.

The contribution of the decline in thymic activity for the emergence of autoimmunity is still debatable. Immune-competent adults submitted to complete thymectomy early in life provide a unique model to address this question. We applied here strict criteria to identify adults lacking thymic activity based on sjTREC levels, to exclude thymic rebound and/or ectopic thymuses.

Towards advanced aeration modelling: from blower to bubbles to bulk.

Aeration is an essential component of aerobic biological wastewater treatment and is the largest energy consumer at most water resource recovery facilities. Most modelling studies neglect the inherent complexity of the aeration systems used. Typically, the blowers, air piping, and diffusers are not modelled in detail, completely mixed reactors in a series are used to represent plug-flow reactors, and empirical correlations are used to describe the impact of operating conditions on bubble formation and transport, and oxygen transfer from the bubbles to the bulk liquid.

miRNA profiling of human naive CD4 T cells links miR-34c-5p to cell activation and HIV replication.

Cell activation is a vital step for T-cell memory/effector differentiation as well as for productive HIV infection. To identify novel regulators of this process, we used next-generation sequencing to profile changes in microRNA expression occurring in purified human naive CD4 T cells in response to TCR stimulation and/or HIV infection. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the transcriptional up-regulation of miR-34c-5p in response to TCR stimulation in naive CD4 T cells.

Ocular perfusion pressure and color Doppler imaging of the external ophthalmic artery of rabbits treated with sildenafil citrate.

Background: It has been proposed that sildenafil citrate can increase ocular blood flow, and that this property can be used to treat ocular disorders that involve reflex vasoconstriction. This study therefore proposes to ascertain the vasodilator effect of the drug on retrobulbar circulation in healthy rabbits. For this matter rabbits treated with sildenafil citrate or saline solution had their intraocular pressure (IOP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) and color Doppler imaging of the external ophthalmic artery measured prior to treatment and on days one (moment M1), seven (when M2), fourteen (moment M3), twenty-one (moment M4), and thirty (moment M5) of treatment.

Prospects and challenges for the conservation of farm animal genomic resources, 2015-2025.

Livestock conservation practice is changing rapidly in light of policy developments, climate change and diversifying market demands. The last decade has seen a step change in technology and analytical approaches available to define, manage and conserve Farm Animal Genomic Resources (FAnGR). However, these rapid changes pose challenges for FAnGR conservation in terms of technological continuity, analytical capacity and integrative methodologies needed to fully exploit new, multidimensional data.

Quality assessment and control of tissue specific RNA-seq libraries of Drosophila transgenic RNAi models.

RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is rapidly emerging as the technology of choice for whole-transcriptome studies. However, RNA-seq is not a bias free technique. It requires large amounts of RNA and library preparation can introduce multiple artifacts, compounded by problems from later stages in the process.

A long journey to effective obesity treatments: is there light at the end of the tunnel?

As the obesity epidemic continues, more Americans are getting fatter, having more weight-related problems such as cardiovascular disease, and are experiencing new metabolic dysfunctions. For over 50 years, the adipose tissue (AT), commonly referred to as fat, has been of interest to academic and clinical scientists, public health officials and individuals interested in body composition and image including much of the average public, athletes, parents, etc. On one hand, efforts to alter body shape, weight and body fat percentage still include bizarre and scientifically unfounded methods.