Creation of a Novel Ex Vivo 3D Printed Ileal Conduit Task Trainer for Teaching Conduitoscopy Skills.

Objective: To perform endoscopy in patients with urinary diversions requires specific endoscopic skills, which can currently only be gained in clinical practice. We created a 3D-printed ex vivo ileal conduit model (stoma and conduit with ureters and 2 kidneys) to simulate "conduitoscopy" and evaluated the realism and limitations of the model.

Methods: Accurate anatomical features were represented using an appropriate reusable design, realistic mechanical qualities with several material types, and 3D-printed components.

Design, Development, and Validation of a First, Low-cost, Three-dimensional (3D) Printed Optical Urethrotomy Simulation Model.

Objective: To develop and validate a low-cost, portable, and reusable simulation model for optical internal urethrotomy (OIU) training.

Methods: A 3D-printed low-cost simulation model for OIU was designed locally and the final model was evaluated by trainees and trainers at the urology boot camps (UK, Belgium, Portugal, Poland). Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire, using a 6-item 5-point Likert Scale, to assess the model's anatomic realism.

Design, implementation and assessment of a novel, introductory curriculum into female, neurological and urodynamic urology: a 7-year experience of urology simulation bootcamp course.

Purpose: To present the seven-year experience of a multi-component and interactive module on female, neurological and urodynamic urology (FNUU) training at the UK National Urology Simulation Bootcamp Course (USBC) and demonstrate trainee satisfaction and competency progression.

Methods: During the week-long USBC, a four-hour module on FNUU was designed which consisted of short interactive presentations with an emphasis on practical stations in urodynamics, intravesical botulinum toxin injection, urethral bulking injection, female pelvic examination and, initially, mid-urethral tapes (subsequently replaced with percutaneous sacral nerve evaluation). The trainee's level of knowledge, operative experience and confidence were assessed pre- and post-course.

Is there a correlation between urolithiasis in horseshoe kidneys and isthmus thickness or renal angulation?

Background: Stone disease is a common complication of horseshoe kidneys (HSK). There are currently limited studies that examine the relationship between HSK anatomy and stone formation. We aim to determine if there is such an association by measuring the isthmus size and renal angulation in both stone and non-stone forming HSK using computed tomography (CT).

Current Status of Simulation Training in Urology: A Non-Systematic Review.

Simulation has emerged as an effective solution to increasing modern constraints in surgical training. It is recognized that a larger proportion of surgical complications occur during the surgeon's initial learning curve. The simulation takes the learning curve out of the operating theatre and facilitates training in a safe and pressure-free environment whilst focusing on patient safety.

First case of penile metastasis following abdominoperineal resection with VRAM flap reconstruction.

Penile metastases are rare in colorectal cancer. We report the first case of such a recurrence in a patient who had undergone an extralevator abdominoperineal resection with vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap perineal reconstruction. The patient was treated with curative intent by total penectomy.

In-vivo assessment of barbed suturing thread with regard to tissue reaction and material absorption in a rat model.

Aim: The laparoscopic approach in urological surgery demands a high degree of skill in intracorporeal suturing and knot tying. In an effort to reduce the amount of time required to perform a suture, new materials have been developed that through selfanchorage distribute tension more evenly across the suture and also eliminate the need of knot tying. The goal of this study was to assess the in vivo tissue response to a novel material (V-Loc tm; Covidien) in comparison to established materials (Vicryl, PDS II), in the case of bladder suturing, in a rat model.