Cellulose Nanocrystals Show Anti-Adherent and Anti-Biofilm Properties against Oral Microorganisms.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are cellulose-derived nanomaterials that can be easily obtained, e.g., from vegetable waste produced by circular economies.

Knowledge and attitudes on oral health of women during pregnancy and their children: an online survey.

Background: Life-long healthy behaviors are established during pregnancy and the first years of life. In this cross-sectional survey, new mothers with a high level of schooling living in Northern Italy (Lombardy Region) were interviewed to assess their knowledge and attitudes towards their and child oral health.

Methods: A questionnaire (27 items) was developed to assess socio-demographic factors, knowledge, and attitudes towards maternal and child oral health.

Effect of open windows on airborne contamination and its topographical distribution in the dental operatory.

Aerosols produced by dental handpieces represent a permanent risk of disease transmission in the dental environment. The current study evaluated the effects of natural ventilation (open windows) on Streptococcus mutans airborne contamination by dental handpieces in simulated clinical conditions. A dental phantom was placed on a dental chair at a standard university dental clinic operatory.

Light Transmission Characteristics and Cytotoxicity within A Dental Composite Color Palette.

Modern light-cured, resin-based composites are offered in a wide range of shades and translucencies. This large variation, created by varying the amount and type of pigmentation and opacifiers, is essential to enable an esthetic restoration in each patient situation, but may affect light transmission in the deeper layers during curing. We quantified optical parameters and their real-time variation during curing for a 13-shade composite palette of identical chemical composition and microstructure.

TEGDMA-Functionalized Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate Resin-Based Composites Prevent Secondary Caries in an In Vitro Biofilm Model.

This study evaluated the efficacy of experimental TEGDMA-functionalized dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (T-DCPD) filler-based resin-based composites (RBC) in preventing caries lesions around the restoration margins (secondary caries, SC). Standardized Class-II cavities were made in sound molars with the cervical margin in dentin. Cavities were filled with a commercial resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) or experimental RBCs containing a bisGMA-TEGDMA resin blend and one of the following inorganic fractions: 60 wt.

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Modern Universal-Chromatic and Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Composites Developed to Simplify Dental Restorative Procedures.

One of the recent trends in the development of resin-based composites (RBCs) focuses on universal coloring to avoid time-consuming color matching and RBC layering for a clinically appropriate esthetic impact. We evaluated an experimental material for posterior restorations combining universal coloring with the possibility of bulk-fill placement. Clinically established materials were analyzed as a reference, including a bulk-fill and a universal chromatic RBC.

Microbiological models for accelerated development of secondary caries in vitro.

Objectives: The current study aimed to compare the efficacy of two in vitro microbiological models based on open and closed systems designed to obtain secondary caries in an accelerated and reproducible way.

Methods: A conventional resin-based composite (RBC - Majesty ES-2; Kuraray, Japan) and a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC - Ionolux; VOCO, Germany) were used to restore standardized class II cavities (n = 4/tooth, cervical margin in dentin) in 16 human molars. The ability to produce secondary caries with Streptococcus mutans biofilms was tested using either an open-cycle or closed-cycle bioreactor (n = 8 specimens/model).

Physical-chemical and microbiological performances of graphene-doped PMMA for CAD/CAM applications before and after accelerated aging protocols.

Objectives: Innovative, nanotechnologies-featuring dental materials for CAD/CAM applications are becoming available. However, the interaction with the oral environment poses critical challenges to their longevity. The present study evaluated specific physical-chemical properties and antimicrobial potential of a CAD/CAM graphene-doped resin before and after accelerated aging protocols.

Prognostic Factors and Primary Healing on Root Perforation Repaired with MTA: A 14-year Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Few data are available on the long-term efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in treating root canal perforations. This prospective cohort study builds on a previously reported trial to determine the outcome for teeth with root perforations treated with orthograde MTA after longer follow-up and identify potential prognostic factors.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed, enrolling (1999-2009) patients with a single dental perforation treated with MTA.

Assessment of the remineralisation induced by contemporary ion-releasing materials in mineral-depleted dentine.

Objectives: Evaluate the ability of current ion-releasing materials to remineralise bacteria-driven artificial caries lesions.

Materials And Methods: Standardised class I cavities were obtained in 60 extracted human molars. Specimens underwent a microbiological cariogenic protocol (28 days) to generate artificial caries lesions and then were randomly divided into four restorative groups: adhesive + composite (negative control); glass ionomer cement (GIC); calcium silicate cement (MTA); and resin-modified calcium silicate cement (RMTA).

Airborne contamination of the dental operatory during activities performed with open or closed windows.

Purpose: To quantify the biological contamination of a dental operatory environment using a biological tracer.

Methods: A Streptococcus mutans suspension was infused into the mouth of a phantom, and an operator performed standardized dental procedures using an air turbine, a contra-angle handpiece, or an ultrasonic scaler either with windows open or closed. The presence of the tracer was measured by placing Petri dishes with a selective medium at 18 sites on the dental unit and 38 sites in the surrounding operatory environment.

Dental tissue remineralization by bioactive calcium phosphate nanoparticles formulations.

Recent health care products are based on formulations claimed to provide enamel remineralization and dentinal tubules occlusion through calcium-phosphate bioactive nanocompounds (ion-doped hydroxyapatite and precursor, amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles). This study aimed to characterize, test, and compare for the first time the structure and performance of a representative, market-available sample of remineralizing toothpastes and topical mousses. Formulations were characterized to determine their composition and investigate the presence of bioactive compounds and doping elements.

Characterization of universal chromatic resin-based composites in terms of cell toxicity and viscoelastic behavior.

Objectives: A current trend to simplify dental restorative procedures is toward using universal chromatic light-cured resin-based composites (RBCs) designed to adapt esthetically to various clinical situations. This study offers a comparative characterization of the mechanical and cytotoxic behavior of such materials that use different techniques to adjust their optical properties (e.g.

Efficacy of personal protective equipment against coronavirus transmission via dental handpieces.

Background: This laboratory study was done to evaluate the efficacy of personal protective equipment (PPE) and high-volume evacuation (HVE) against the spread of human coronavirus type 229E (HCoV-229E) during a standard dental procedure.

Methods: Patient and operator manikins were used to recreate a dental setting inside a custom-built class III cabinet-like chamber. The mouth of the patient manikin was inoculated with an HCoV-229E suspension, the viral load of which was similar to that of asymptomatic people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Activity of Experimental Mouthwashes and Gels Containing DNA-RNA and Bioactive Molecules against the Oxidative Stress of Oral Soft Tissues: The Importance of Formulations. A Bioreactor-Based Reconstituted Human Oral Epithelium Model.

Background: DNA-RNA compounds have shown promising protection against cell oxidative stress. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity, protective, or preventive effect of different experimental formulations on oral epithelia's oxidative stress in vitro.

Methods: Reconstituted human oral epithelia (RHOE) were grown air-lifted in a continuous-flow bioreactor.

Microtensile Bond Strength of Fiber-Reinforced and Particulate Filler Composite to Coronal and Pulp Chamber Floor Dentin.

This ex vivo study aimed to compare the microtensile bond strength of fiber-reinforced and particulate filler composite to coronal and pulp chamber floor dentin using a self-etching adhesive system. Coronal dentin of 40 human molar teeth was exposed by cutting occlusal enamel with a low-speed saw. Teeth were then randomly divided into two groups (n = 20).

Aerosols modification with HO reduces airborne contamination by dental handpieces.

: We designed an study to evaluate the efficiency of an 0.5 vol% hydrogen peroxide-based spray in reducing Coronavirus 229E spread during a conventional dental procedure. : A class III cabinet-like chamber was custom-built, using phantoms for both patient and operator.

Distribution of adhesive layer in class II composite resin restorations before/after interproximal matrix application.

Objectives: This study aimed to morphologically investigate the distribution of the adhesive layer when placed prior, or subsequent, to matrix positioning in direct-bonded Class II RBC restorations. Additional aim was to evaluate possible differences when using two-steps (CSE, Clearfil SE Bond2) or one-step adhesive system (CU, Clearfil Universal Bond Quick).

Methods: Standardized mesio-occlusal and disto-occlusal cavities were prepared on 20 human molars.

Effects of Na-DNA mouthwash solutions on oral soft tissues. A bioreactor-based reconstituted human oral epithelium model.

Purpose: To investigate whether the addition of sodium-DNA (Na-DNA) to chlorhexidine (CHX)-containing mouthwash influenced morphology and viability of a reconstituted human oral epithelium (ROE), and protects ROE against oxidative stress.

Methods: Multi-layered 0.5 cm² ROE specimens were positioned inside a continuous flow bioreactor and grown air-lifted for 24 hours.

Topographic aspects of airborne contamination caused by the use of dental handpieces in the operative environment.

Background: The use of dental handpieces produces aerosols containing microbial agents, bacteria, and viruses representing a high-risk situation for airborne cross infections. The aim of this study was to map and quantify the biological contamination of a dental operatory environment using a biological tracer.

Methods: Streptococcus mutans suspension was infused into the mouth of a manikin, and an operator performed standardized dental procedures using an air turbine, a contra-angle handpiece, or an ultrasonic scaler.