Ecotoxicological Effects of the Anionic Surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) in Two Marine Primary Producers: and .

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is an anionic surfactant, extensively used in detergents, household and personal care products, as well as in industrial processes. The present study aimed to disclose the potential toxicological effects of SDS exposure under environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 3, and 10 mg L) on the physiology and biochemistry (photosynthesis, pigment, and lipid composition, antioxidative systems, and energy balance) of two marine autotrophs: the diatom and the macroalgae .

Effects of Glyphosate-Based Herbicide on Primary Production and Physiological Fitness of the Macroalgae .

The use of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) worldwide has increased exponentially over the last two decades increasing the environmental risk to marine and coastal habitats. The present study investigated the effects of GBHs at environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg·L) on the physiology and biochemistry (photosynthesis, pigment, and lipid composition, antioxidative systems and energy balance) of , a cosmopolitan marine macroalgae species. Although GBHs cause deleterious effects such as the inhibition of photosynthetic activity, particularly at 250 μg·L, due to the impairment of the electron transport in the chloroplasts, these changes are almost completely reverted at the highest concentration (500 μg·L).

Photosynthetic pigment laser-induced fluorescence indicators for the detection of changes associated with trace element stress in the diatom model species Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

This work reports changes on cell number, growth rate, trace element content, chlorophyll a (Chl a) and carotenoid concentrations, and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of Phaeodactylum tricornutum exposed to Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb, and a mixture of all elements combined (Mix). The total levels of trace elements associated with the cells were significantly higher in the exposed than in control ones. Concomitantly, specific cell growth was significantly lower in exposed P.

Droplet-shaped waves: causal finite-support analogs of X-shaped waves.

A model of steady-state X-shaped wave generation by a superluminal (supersonic) pointlike source infinitely moving along a straight line is extended to a more realistic causal scenario of a source pulse launched at time zero and propagating rectilinearly at a constant superluminal speed. In the case of an infinitely short (delta) pulse, the new model yields an analytical solution, corresponding to the propagation-invariant X-shaped wave clipped by a droplet-shaped support, which perpetually expands along the propagation and transversal directions, thus tending the droplet-shaped wave to the X-shaped one.