Antiobesity, hepatoprotective and anti-hyperglycemic effects of a pharmaceutical formulation containing Cecropia pachystachya Trécul in mice fed with a hypercaloric diet.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Cecropia pachystachya Trécul (Urticaceae), known as embaúba, are used as hypoglycemic and for weight reduction in Brazilian traditional medicine.

Aim Of The Study: This study investigated the effects of a pharmaceutical formulation (ECP20) containing C. pachystachya extract on some metabolic alterations caused by a hypercaloric diet in mice.

Effects of moderate intensity endurance training and high-intensity interval training on the reproductive parameters of wistar rats overfed in infancy.

Studies indicate that rapid weight gain at critical development stages, such as the lactation period, is associated with the development of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes in the long term. In addition to metabolic changes during adulthood, overweight/obesity may influence reproductive function. Human and animal studies suggest that lifestyle changes through exercise and/or controlled diet result in improved semen quality in obese individuals.

A paternal hypercaloric diet affects the metabolism and fertility of F1 and F2 Wistar rat generations.

Increased fat and carbohydrate intakes based on the Western diet are important lifestyle modifications that lead to hypercaloric inputs, obesity, and male fertility negative effects. Epigenetic transmission may also predispose descended generations to chronic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, behavioral, and reproductive disorders. The present study sought to evaluate the influence of a high-fat-high-sugar (HFHS) diet supplied to Wistar rats from 25 to 90 days of life on reproductive and metabolic parameters in male generations F0, F1, and F2.

Multigenerational effects of chronic maternal exposure to a high sugar/fat diet and physical training.

Pregnant individuals who overeat are more likely to predispose their fetus to the development of metabolic disorders in adulthood. Physical training is a prevention and treatment interventional strategy that could treat these disorders, since it improves metabolism and body composition. This study assessed the protective effect of physical exercise against possible metabolic changes in generations F1 and F2, whose mothers were subjected to a high-sugar/high-fat (HS/HF) diet.

Effect of postnatal overfeeding on the male and female Wistar rat reproductive parameters.

Overweight/obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, and factors such as a sedentary lifestyle and inadequate eating habits directly contribute to the development of this condition. Studies indicate that rapid weight gain at critical development stages, such as the lactation period, is associated with the development of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes in the long term. In addition to metabolic changes during adulthood, overweight/obesity may influence reproductive function of the population.

Effects of moderate intensity endurance training vs. high intensity interval training on weight gain, cardiorespiratory capacity, and metabolic profile in postnatal overfed rats.

Background: Obesity is associated with several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and may have its origin in early life stages, such as in the lactation period, through metabolic programming. Physical activity aids in decreasing the chances of developing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, even with small weight losses and, in children, can play an essential role in preventing weight gain and other health problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of moderate intensity endurance training and high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols on obesity-related parameters and cardiorespiratory capacity in overfed Wistar rats throughout the breastfeeding period.

Effect of exogenous amylase on lactation performance of dairy cows fed a high-starch diet.

Exogenous amylase supplementation can increase starch and fiber digestibility in lactating dairy cows. We evaluated the effect of exogenous amylase supplementation on diets with high starch concentration (32% of dry matter). Twenty-eight Holstein cows (171 ± 80 d in milk, 4 primiparous) received a standard diet for 14 d and then a treatment for 63 d, in a covariate-adjusted randomized block design with repeated measures over time.

Childhood obesity: a (re) programming disease?

The aim of our article was to review the current literature on the effects of metabolic (re) programming on childhood obesity. PubMed/MEDLINE was the data source used to track the studies. Descriptors applied: children obesity, epigenetic, metabolic programming, exercise and nutrition.

Altered behavior of adult obese rats by monosodium l-glutamate neonatal treatment is related to hypercorticosteronemia and activation of hypothalamic ERK1 and ERK2.

Objectives: Obesity is a metabolic and hormonal disorder with serious social and psychological impacts. There is a close relationship among obesity, neuroendocrine homeostasis and behavioral patterns. However, few data are available in the literature regarding this subject.

[Metabolic effects of exercise on childhood obesity: a current view].

Objective:: To review the current literature concerning the effects of physical exercise on several metabolic variables related to childhood obesity.

Data Source:: A search was performed in Pubmed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. The keywords used were as follows: Obesity, Children Obesity, Childhood Obesity, Exercise and Physical Activity.

Behavior and memory evaluation of Wistar rats exposed to 1·8 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation.

Background: The development of communication systems has brought great social and economic benefits to society. As mobile phone use has become widespread, concerns have emerged regarding the potential adverse effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) used by these devices.

Objective: To verify potential effects of mobile phone radiation on the central nervous system (CNS) in an animal model.

Impaired sympathoadrenal axis function contributes to enhanced insulin secretion in prediabetic obese rats.

The involvement of sympathoadrenal axis activity in obesity onset was investigated using the experimental model of treating neonatal rats with monosodium L-glutamate. To access general sympathetic nervous system activity, we recorded the firing rates of sympathetic superior cervical ganglion nerves in animals. Catecholamine content and secretion from isolated adrenal medulla were measured.

Metabolic imprinting by maternal protein malnourishment impairs vagal activity in adult rats.

Protein restriction during lactation has been suggested to diminish parasympathetic activity, whereas sympathetic activity is enhanced in adult rats. The present study analyses whether dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system is involved in the impairment of insulin secretion from perinatally undernourished rats. Male neonates were reared by mothers fed a low- (4%) protein (LP group) or normal- (23%) protein diet (NP group).

Swimming exercise at weaning improves glycemic control and inhibits the onset of monosodium L-glutamate-obesity in mice.

Swimming exercises by weaning pups inhibited hypothalamic obesity onset and recovered sympathoadrenal axis activity, but this was not observed when exercise training was applied to young adult mice. However, the mechanisms producing this improved metabolism are still not fully understood. Low-intensity swimming training started at an early age and was undertaken to observe glycemic control in hypothalamic-obese mice produced by neonatal treatment with monosodium l-glutamate (MSG).

Protein restriction during lactation alters the autonomic nervous system control on glucose-induced insulin secretion in adult rats.

Involvement of autonomic nervous system (ANS) neurotransmitters on insulin secretion in rats submitted to protein malnutrition during lactation was studied. During the first 2/3 of lactation, mothers received a 4% protein diet (LP). Control group received normal diet (23% protein) (NP).

Swim training applied at early age is critical to adrenal medulla catecholamine content and to attenuate monosodium L-glutamate-obesity onset in mice.

Exercise has been recommended as a remedy against a worldwide obesity epidemic; however, the onset of excessive weight gain is not fully understood, nor are the effects of exercise on body weight control. Activity deficits of the sympathetic nervous system, including the sympathoadrenal axis, have been suggested to contribute to high fat accumulation in obesity. In the present work, swim training was used to observe fat accumulation and adrenal catecholamine stocks in hypothalamic-obese mice produced by neonatal treatment with monosodium L-glutamate (MSG).