Association of Exposure to Interpersonal Racism and Racial Disparities in Inadequate Sleep Risk.

Objective: To examine the association between caregiver-report of their child's inadequate sleep and exposure to interpersonal racism within racially minoritized subpopulations.

Study Design: We conducted cross-sectional analysis among racially minoritized 21 924 school-aged children and 27 142 adolescents using a National Survey of Children's Health sample from 2016 through 2021. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to estimate predicted probabilities for the adjusted associations between caregiver-report of their child's inadequate sleep and prior exposure to interpersonal racism.

Examining trends in health care access measures among low-income adult smokers in Ohio: 2012-2019.

Smokers are more likely to be low-income with limited access to health services. Although Medicaid expansion under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act improved access to care for low-income adults, long-term trends in health care access among low-income smokers remain uncharacterized. The study evaluated changes in five access measures among low-income nonelderly (19-64) adults (N = 28976) across smoking status using pooled data from a statewide survey in Ohio covering pre- (i.

Adherence to COVID-19 Protective Measures in a Longitudinal Sample of Male Youth.

Background: Adherence to COVID-19 protective measures is lowest for young people and males. The current study investigated characteristics associated with adherence to COVID-19 protective measures among male youth during the early months of the pandemic.

Method: The study used data from a prospective cohort study among male youth with baseline assessment in 2015/2016 and follow-up measurements in 2019 and summer 2020.

Tobacco 21's Impact Amid the E-Cigarette Surge.

Objectives: Nationwide implementation of Tobacco 21 (raising the legal sales age for all tobacco products to 21) is occurring against the backdrop of an electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) epidemic among young people, which makes Tobacco 21 evaluation difficult. To address this issue, we examined young adult use of e-cigarettes separately from use of other tobacco products. Our objective was to determine whether use changed after Tobacco 21 implementation and whether those changes differed by product.

Using administrative data from adult protective services: opportunities and considerations.

As federal agencies support the development of data systems for adult protective services (APS), researchers and practitioners are increasingly using administrative data to study types of adult maltreatment, including self-neglect, and the systems that respond to them. To date, however, APS has worked with little guidance about how best to use these data. This situation has contributed to inconsistent findings and uneven quality of research.

An Open Trial of Metacognitive Remediation Therapy and Pharmacotherapy to Promote Smoking Cessation among Individuals with Psychotic-Spectrum Disorders.

Introduction: Individuals with psychotic-spectrum disorders may smoke due to the ameliorating effect of nicotine on the cognitive deficits that accompany these illnesses. Metacognitive remediation therapy (MCR) has been shown to produce improvements in cognitive functioning among individuals with psychotic-spectrum disorders and provides a foundation for a novel smoking cessation intervention for this population.

Aims: To complete an open investigation of pharmacotherapy and a modified version of MCR [MCR to Quit (MCR-Q)] in promoting smoking cessation among individuals with psychotic-spectrum disorders.

Waterpipe Tobacco Warnings Need to Inform Users of Harm.

Objectives: Health warning messages could be an effective means of communicating the health risks associated with waterpipe (WP) smoking. The objective of this study was to select a message that conveyed the risks associated with WP smoking.

Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to explore the effectiveness of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) mandated message, and others, among young adults using focus groups and surveys.

Perceived Changes in Mood and Anxiety Among Male Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Mixed-Methods Study.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed almost every aspect of our lives. Young adults are vulnerable to pandemic-related adverse mental health outcomes, but little is known about the impact on adolescents. We examined factors associated with perceived changes in mood and anxiety among male youth in urban and Appalachian Ohio.

Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life and Health Behaviors Among Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Women Surviving Cancer from the 2013 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health behaviors contribute to cancer morbidity and mortality, which are elevated in lesbian and bisexual women (LBW). The purpose of this study was to assess differences in HRQoL and health behaviors between heterosexual and lesbian women and heterosexual and bisexual women cancer survivors. We pooled 2013-2018 National Health Interview Survey data.

Disparities in food insecurity at the intersection of race and sexual orientation: A population-based study of adult women in the United States.

Food insecurity affects 1 in 8 American adults annually, and is more prevalent in Black and sexual minority women. We applied an intersectional approach to investigate food insecurity prevalence in women with intersecting minority race and sexual orientation. We used two United States surveillance systems-National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2013-2018 and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2014, to estimate how race and sexual orientation jointly influence food insecurity prevalence in women aged 18-59 years (NHIS: N = 47596; NHANES: N = 5106).

Shared and unique risk factors for tobacco use among rural versus urban adolescents.

Researchers have proposed numerous factors that may contribute to rural adolescents' heightened risk for tobacco use. Some of these include well-known risk factors for tobacco use, whereas others concern factors unique to rural populations, reflecting norms and values ("rural culture") that accept and encourage tobacco use. This study aimed to test a broad range of tobacco-use risk factors to determine which were a) universal risk factors for both urban and rural adolescents vs.

Higher educational and economic status are key factors for the timely initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: A review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate the association between initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth (TIBF) and maternal educational status, paternal educational status, household income, marital status, media exposure and parity in Ethiopia.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL and WHO Global health library databases. All studies were conducted in Ethiopia and published from 2000 to 2019 were included.

HPV Vaccine Coverage among Adolescent Males in Ohio: Results of a Longitudinal Study.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been recommended for males in the United States since 2011, yet little is known about vaccine coverage among adolescent males in Ohio. Our longitudinal study examined HPV vaccine coverage among adolescent males in Ohio and identified predictors of vaccination.

Methods: The Buckeye Teen Health Study recruited adolescent males ages 11-16 and their parents from one urban county and nine rural counties in Ohio.

Effect of electric heating and ice added to the bowl on mainstream waterpipe semivolatile furan and other toxicant yields.

Objectives: We examined mainstream total particulate matter, nicotine, cotinine, menthol, pyrene, carbon monoxide (CO) and semivolatile furan yields from a commercial waterpipe with two methods for heating the tobacco, quick-light charcoal (charcoal) and electric head (electric) and two water bowl preparations: with (ice) and without ice (water).

Methods: Emissions from a single brand of popular waterpipe tobacco (10 g) were generated using machine smoking according to a two-stage puffing regimen developed from human puffing topography. Tobacco and charcoal consumption were calculated for each machine smoking session as mass lost, expressed as a fraction of presmoking mass.

Biomedical and public health reviews and meta-analyses in Ethiopia had poor methodological quality: overview of evidence from 1970 to 2018.

Objectives: The aims of this overview are to assess the trend of narrative and systematic reviews in Ethiopia, examine their methodological quality, and suggest future directions for improvement.

Study Design And Setting: All narrative reviews and systematic reviews with or without a meta-analysis on topics associated with Ethiopia irrespective of the place of publication and authors' affiliation were included. The International Narrative Systematic Assessment for narrative reviews and A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews with or without a meta-analysis were used for quality appraisal.

Association between diabetes mellitus and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant risk for the development of active tuberculosis (TB) and complicates its treatment. However, there is inconclusive evidence on whether the TB-DM co-morbidity is associated with a higher risk of developing multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The aim of this meta-analysis was to summarize available evidence on the association of DM and MDR-TB and to estimate a pooled effect measure.