Alarming cigarette butts contamination on sandy beaches of East Java, Indonesia.

Cigarette butts, along with other plastic items, have been extensively studied as the primary source of marine litter in coastal areas around the world. Although there has been extensive research on cigarette butts in coastal areas worldwide, there have been no publications related to this in coastal areas in Indonesia. Therefore, this research is the first to report on the pollution of cigarette butts on different Indonesian beaches, specifically in the East Java Province.