[Significance of phosphate in internal medicine].

Phosphate is essential for bone metabolism and for energy provision. Phosphate homeostasis is achieved by hormonal feedback mechanisms, predominantly parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 and calcitriol, with renal phosphate absorption taking on a special role. Although even large deviations from the serum normal range are rarely symptomatic, the health consequences can be significant.

Rosuvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis: case report and call for proactive multifactorial risk assessment and preventive management of statin therapy in high-risk patients.

Cholesterol-lowering statins are frequently prescribed for primary and secondary prevention of ischaemic vascular events. Whereas most patients tolerate statins without problems, statin-associated myopathy is well documented, as are several risk factors. We present a case report of an 80-90-year-old man with coronary artery disease who rapidly developed severe rhabdomyolysis during treatment with rosuvastatin while in intensive care.

Near-peer compared to faculty teaching of abdominal ultrasound for medical students - A randomized-controlled trial.

Purpose: Medical schools increasingly rely on near-peer tutors for ultrasound teaching. We set out to compare the efficacy of a blended near-peer ultrasound teaching program to that of a faculty course in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: 152 medical students received 21 hours of ultrasound teaching either by near-peer teachers or medical doctors.

[Perspectives and Challenges of hand-held Ultrasound].

The use of handheld ultrasound devices from a technical and data protection point of view, device properties, functionality, documentation, indications, delegation of performance, applications by doctors, students and non-medical staff is examined and discussed.

Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Prior Hyperkalemia with Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitor and Patiromer: A Swiss Public Healthcare Perspective.

Introduction: Hyperkalemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patiromer (Veltassa) is an oral potassium binder indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia in adults. We evaluated the impact of patiromer on the Swiss healthcare resources when used in patients with CKD and hyperkalemia who were on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) treatment.

Clinical Relevance of a 16-Gene Pharmacogenetic Panel Test for Medication Management in a Cohort of 135 Patients.

There is a growing number of evidence-based indications for pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing. We aimed to evaluate clinical relevance of a 16-gene panel test for PGx-guided pharmacotherapy. In an observational cohort study, we included subjects tested with a PGx panel for variants of , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .

EFSUMB 2020 Proposal for a Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-Adapted Bosniak Cyst Categorization - Position Statement.

The well-established Bosniak renal cyst classification is based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography determining the malignant potential of cystic renal lesions. Ultrasound has not been incorporated into this pathway. However, the development of ultrasound contrast agents coupled with the superior resolution of ultrasound makes it possible to redefine the imaging of cystic renal lesions.

Implementation and management outcomes of pharmacogenetic CYP2C19 testing for clopidogrel therapy in clinical practice.

Purpose: The antiplatelet prodrug clopidogrel is bioactivated by the polymorphic enzyme CYP2C19. Prospective clinical studies demonstrated an association between CYP2C19 loss of function (LoF) variants and an increased risk of thrombotic events under clopidogrel, but pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing is not frequently implemented in clinical practice. We report our experience with PGx-guided clopidogrel therapy with particular regard to clinically relevant patient management changes.

[Introduction of an Ultrasound Course Based on Peer-Tutoring - An Update on the Blended Learning Basic Course Sonography].

Introduction of an Ultrasound Course Based on Peer-Tutoring - An Update on the Blended Learning Basic Course Sonography Following the introduction of the new Swiss learning objectives catalogue 'PROFILES', the ability to carry out simple ultrasound examinations has become mandatory for undergraduates. Thanks to a collaboration between the Bern Institute of Primary Health Care and the 'Young Sonographers' SGUM section, the SGUM's classic-format basic abdomen teaching module has been changed into a 'blended learning' teaching format with 'peer tutoring'. It is particularly intended for students and junior doctors.

Comparing Blended Learning with Faculty-Led Ultrasound Training: Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial (The SIGNATURE Trial).

Background: Ultrasound is increasingly used in clinical practice as a bedside tool. As medical graduates first encounter the technique in early residency, ultrasound training needs to be integrated into the undergraduate curriculum. In Switzerland, abdominal ultrasound skills have been taught by a faculty-led, 21-hour course.

[CME Sonography 91: Differential Diagnosis of Lower Abdominal Pain].

CME Sonography 91: Differential Diagnosis of Lower Abdominal Pain Pain in the lower abdomen is a frequent reason for further imaging clarification by sonography. The most frequent causes are appendicitis and diverticulitis, in addition to ureteral stones, ovarian and tubal pathology as well as various hernias. Appendicitis has a characteristic clinical presentation and can be diagnosed by CT or ultrasound.

[Renal Monomorphology in COVID-19 with Acute Renal Insufficiency].

Renal Monomorphology in COVID-19 with Acute Renal Insufficiency A 78-year-old ventilator-dependent COVID-19 patient developed severe renal failure with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 20 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and nephrotic proteinuria. Sonography showed echo-dense and enlarged kidneys with high resistance indices (>0.

Medical Student Ultrasound Education, a WFUMB Position Paper, Part II. A consensus statement of ultrasound societies.

Ultrasound is becoming a fundamental first-line diagnostic tool for most medical specialties and an innovative tool to teach anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology to undergraduate and graduate students. However, availability of structured training programs during medical school is lagging behind and many physicians still acquire all their ultrasound skills during postgraduate training.There is wide variation in medical student ultrasound education worldwide.

[CME Sonography 89: Differential Diagnosis of Kidney Masses].

CME Sonography 89: Differential Diagnosis of Kidney Masses Cystic and solid renal lesions are common in ultrasound diagnostics. The solid pseudotumor of the kidney, the so-called renal parenchymal cone, is found in up to 50 % of patients. Pathologically-anatomically it is either a hypertrophy of the column of Bertini or the entire renal lobus, which is located in the renal sinus.

[Ultrasound Course in Ifakara (Tanzania) with Case Studies].

Ultrasound Course in Ifakara (Tanzania) with Case Studies Presentation of two practical cases from the ultrasound course in Ifakara, Tanzania. Case 1 shows the diagnostic value of abdominal and thorax ultrasound in a polytraumatized patient with splenic rupture. In case 2 the sonographic signs of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are presented.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Disrupted pathways and potential therapeutic interventions.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a monogenic inherited renal cystic disease that occurs in different races worldwide. It is characterized by the development of a multitude of renal cysts, which leads to massive enlargement of the kidney and often to renal failure in adulthood. ADPKD is caused by a mutation in PKD1 or PKD2 genes encoding the proteins polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively.

European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) Policy Document Development Strategy - Clinical Practice Guidelines, Position Statements and Technological Reviews.

This document summarizes principles and methodology to guide the creation of Clinical Practice Guidelines, Position Statements und Technological Reviews of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB). The purpose of EFSUMB Clinical Practice Guidelines is to provide physicians and sonographers performing or requesting diagnostic and interventional ultrasound examinations with evidence-based recommendations. Position Statements summarize EFSUMB opinions on important current issues in clinical applications, education and training of ultrasound techniques or health care policy related to ultrasound-based imaging and ultrasound-guided interventions.

The Use of Handheld Ultrasound Devices - An EFSUMB Position Paper.

The miniaturization of ultrasound equipment in the form of tablet- or smartphone-sized ultrasound equipment is a result of the rapid evolution of technology and handheld ultrasound devices (HHUSD). This position paper of the European Federation of Societies in Ultrasound and Medicine (EFSUMB) assesses the current status of HHUSD in abdominal ultrasound, pediatric ultrasound, targeted echocardiography and heart ultrasound, and we will report position comments on the most common clinical applications. Also included is a SWOT (Strength - Weaknesses - Opportunities - Threats) analysis, the use for handheld devices for medical students, educational & training aspects, documentation, storage and safety considerations.

Medical Student Ultrasound Education: A WFUMB Position Paper, Part I.

The introduction of ultrasound into medical student education is well underway in many locations around the world, but is still in its infancy or has yet to begin in others. Proper incorporation of ultrasound education into medical training requires planning and resources, both capital and human. In this article, we discuss the state of the art of ultrasound in medical education throughout the world, as well as various methodologies utilized to improve student education and to incorporate ultrasound into every facet of training.