The risk of tooth root injuries using cortical screws for intermaxillary fixation and osteosynthesis plates - A retrospective analysis.

Intermaxillary fixation (IMF) and osteosynthesis plates (OP) are widely used for the non-surgical and surgical treatment of mandible and condyle fractures. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the frequency of tooth root injuries by IMF and OP screws. Electronic patient reports (2004-2013) were screened for patients treated with either IMF screws and/or OP in the Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.

Biofunctionalization of synthetic bone substitutes with angiogenic stem cells: Influence on regeneration of critical-size bone defects in an in vivo murine model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of human bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) on vascularization and bone regeneration in combination with a bone-substitute material (BSM) in a critical-size bone defect in a murine model. Critical-size bone defects were performed and the defects were filled according to the group membership.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen rats were randomized in two experimental groups: BSM (BoneCeramic) with/without EPC biofunctionalization, and a control group without BSM and EPC.

Vascular architecture in free flaps: Analysis of vessel morphology and morphometry in murine free flaps.

The aim of this study was to analyze the development of vascular architecture as well as vascular morphometry and morphology of anastomosed microvascular free flaps. Free pectoral skin flaps were raised in 25 rats and anastomosed to the femoral vessels in the groin region. CD31 immunohistology was performed after 3, 7 and 12 d (each 5 animals each) to analyze microvessel density (MVD), microvessel area (MVA) and microvessel size (MVS).

Effects of an oral bisphosphonate and three intravenous bisphosphonates on several cell types in vitro.

Objective: To analyze the influence of an oral bisphosphonate and compare the potency to intravenous bisphosphonates on various cell types as regards the rarity of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BP-ONJ) caused by oral bisphosphonate.

Materials And Methods: A viability assay (MTT), a migration assay (Boyden chamber), and an apoptosis assay (Caspase-Glo® 3/7) were performed to analyze the effect of bisphosphonates on human fibroblasts, umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and osteoblasts.

Results: Alendronate and intravenous bisphosphonates suppressed cell viability and migration, and induced apoptosis in all tested cell types.

Early cell response of osteogenic cells on differently modified implant surfaces: Sequences of cell proliferation, adherence and differentiation.

Objectives: Osseointegration of dental implants is a crucial prerequisite for long-term survival. Therefore, surface modifications are needed to interact with the extracellular environment and to trigger osteogenic cell responses such as cell proliferation, adherence, and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate different surface modifications in vitro over 2 weeks.

Biofunctionalization of porcine-derived collagen matrix using enamel matrix derivative and platelet-rich fibrin: influence on mature endothelial cell characteristics in vitro.

Objectives: The present study evaluated the effect of an enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-modified porcine-derived collagen matrix (PDCM) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro.

Materials And Methods: PDCM (mucoderm®) was prepared to 6 mm (±0.1 mm) diameter discs.

Biomarkers in diagnosis and therapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review of the literature.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents the sixth most common cancer, accounting for 2-4% of all malignancies worldwide. The overall survival rate of less than 60% remains generally poor, with prognosis heavily relying on the TNM staging system. Tumor size as well as the presence and extent of lymph node metastases are widely recognized as the most important predictors.

Angiogenesis in the Development of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: An Overview.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MR-ONJ) is one of the most relevant side effects of bisphosphonate therapy; it is clinically defined as a non-healing wound in combination with an avascular and necrotic jaw within ongoing bisphosphonate therapy or after completed bisphosphonate therapy. Different theories concerning the development of MR-ONJ have been reported, while the exact pathophysiology is still unknown. Recent studies have increasingly focused on angiogenesis and revascularization concerning MR-ONJ pathophysiology, which seems to be a relevant factor in the development of MR-ONJ and a possible and promising point of action for MR-ONJ prevention and therapy.

Lactate as a predictive marker for tumor recurrence in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) post radiation: a prospective study over 15 years.

Objectives: Lactate as a key regulator of the glycolytic phenotype has been recently described in fueling tumor growth and metastatic spread in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, in context of tumor recurrence following adjuvant radiation, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. We therefore investigate the role of lactate towards radioresistance in HNSCC in this prospective study for the first time in vivo.

Diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma: How much imaging do we really need? A review of the current literature.

Complementary imaging techniques that round out the clinical examination are fundamentally important in the work-up of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Above all, exact determination of primary tumour extent, metastatic spread, and treatment response highly depend on accurate imaging methods. Despite a multitude of recently published reviews, there is still an ongoing debate regarding the best imaging method.

Modified free pectoral skin flaps in rats.

Various types of murine free flaps have been developed for microsurgical training and research. We present a new modification of the free pectoral skin flap in Sprague-Dawley rats. Twelve free pectoral skin flaps were raised according to the standard protocol except that we deviated from it by transecting the common thoracic vessels at the origin of the axillary vessels and anastomosing them end-to-side to the femoral vessels in the groin.

The influence of geranylgeraniol on human oral keratinocytes after bisphosphonate treatment: An in vitro study.

This in vitro study analyzed the influence of geranylgeraniol (GGOH) on human oral keratinocytes (HOK) after exposure to bisphosphonates. HOK were incubated with four different bisphosphonates (clodronate, ibandronate, pamidronate, zoledronate) in two experimental set-ups: with and without GGOH. MTT and PrestoBlue assays were used to analyze HOK cell viability.

Paraoxonase-2 (PON2) protects oral squamous cell cancer cells against irradiation-induced apoptosis.

Purpose: Patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) often receive radiotherapy to preferentially induce apoptosis of cancer cells through generation of overwhelming DNA damage. This is amplified by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby causing oxidative stress and cell death. However, tumors resist through different mechanisms, including upregulation of anti-apoptotic factors and enhanced ROS resistance.

Analysis of implant-failure predictors in the posterior maxilla: a retrospective study of 1395 implants.

The aim of this study was to analyze predictors for dental implant failure in the posterior maxilla. A database was created to include patients being treated with dental implants posterior to the maxillary cuspids. Independent variables thought to be predictive of potential implant failure included (1) sinus elevation, (2) implant length, (3) implant diameter, (4) indication, (5) implant region, (6) timepoint of implant placement, (7) one-vs.

The impact of GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphism for the risk of oral cancer.

Objectives: Since development of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) is triggered by various noxa, different variants of the antioxidant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) can counteract toxic compounds (e.g., tobacco smoke).

Influence of porcine-derived collagen matrix on endothelial progenitor cells: an in vitro study.

Porcine-derived collagen matrix (PDCM) has been reported as a promising alternative to autogenous soft tissue grafts in periodontal plastic surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of a novel PDCM on endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in vitro. EPC were isolated from human peripheral blood, cultured and transferred on the PDCM (mucoderm®).

Effects of a low-level diode laser on oral keratinocytes, oral fibroblasts, endothelial cells and osteoblasts incubated with bisphosphonates: An study.

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw may have multiple causes, including altered bone remodeling, angiogenesis inhibition and impact of bisphosphonate on the soft tissues. Successful treatment is difficult. As a positive effect of low-level laser application on wound healing is well known, an study was designed to analyze the effect of low-level laser (280 mW, 670 nm) treatment on keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and osteoblasts treated with clodronate, ibandronate, pamidronate or zoledronate.

Retentive strength of monolithic all-ceramic crowns on implant abutments.

The aim of the study was to determine the retentive strength of monolithic all-ceramic crowns cemented on titanium implant abutments. 225 crowns (75 crowns each of Mark II, Empress CAD, and e.max CAD) were milled using a CAD/ CAM system.

In vitro effects of bisphosphonates on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst of neutrophil granulocytes.

Objectives: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws is a serious side effect that mainly occurs in patients receiving highly potent, nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Usually the diagnosis is made due to exposed bone and a nonhealing wound. Neutrophil granulocytes are essential for sufficient wound healing; therefore, the influence of different bisphosphonates on neutrophil granulocytes was the focus of this study.

Imaging angiogenesis: perspectives and opportunities in tumour research - a method display.

The growth of solid tumours necessitates angiogenesis. The aim of this paper is the presentation and evaluation of different ex vivo methods for analysing tumour angiogenesis. Oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) were induced in mice by subcutaneous injection of tumour cells in the groin region and processed for histology and microvascular corrosion casting.