Pre- and perinatal complications in relation to Tourette syndrome and co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Pre- and perinatal complications have been implicated in the onset and clinical expression of Tourette syndrome albeit with considerable inconsistencies across studies. Also, little is known about their role in co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in individuals with a tic disorder. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of pre- and perinatal complications in relation to the presence and symptom severity of chronic tic disorder and co-occurring OCD and ADHD using data of 1113 participants from the Tourette International Collaborative Genetics study.

Tobacco smoke exposure before, during, and after pregnancy and risk of overweight at age 6.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been associated with overweight and obesity in childhood and is strongly correlated with children's tobacco smoke exposure before and after pregnancy. We investigated the independent association of tobacco smoke exposure at various pre- and postnatal periods and overweight at age 6. A total of 1,954 children attending the 2001-2002 school entrance health examination in the city of Aachen, Germany, were included into this study.

Prevalence of obesity, binge eating, and night eating in a cross-sectional field survey of 6-year-old children and their parents in a German urban population.

Background: To assess the prevalence of obesity, obesity-related binge eating, non-obesity-related binge eating, and night eating in five- to six-year-old children and to examine the impact of parental eating disturbances.

Methods: When 2020 children attended their obligatory health exam prior to school entry in the city of Aachen, Germany, 1979 parents (97.9%) filled out a questionnaire on their child's eating habits and weight development in a cross-sectional survey.