Digital subtraction radiography of panoramic radiographs to evaluate maxillary central incisor root resorption after orthodontic treatment.

Aim: To quantitatively assess the extent of morphologic changes of the apical root area and root length of maxillary central incisors after orthodontic treatment using digital subtraction radiography (DSR) and to investigate possible contributing parameters.

Methods: The subtracted images of panoramic radiographs of 21 patients before and after orthodontic treatment were evaluated using I/RAS C and Image J software. The retrieved data were analyzed by means of SPSS statistical software, and the method's error was assessed.

The influence of the smear layer on dentinal tubule penetration depth by three different root canal sealers: an in vitro study.

The effect of the smear layer on the penetration depth of three different root canal sealers into the dentinal tubules was examined in 64 recently extracted single-rooted teeth. After chemomechanical preparation, the samples were randomly divided in two equal groups. The smear layer remained intact in group A, whereas complete removal of the smear layer was performed in group B.