On Primary Adrenal Insufficiency with Normal Concentrations of Cortisol - Early Manifestation of Addison's Disease.

Primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) is an endocrine disorder in which hormones of the adrenal cortex are produced to an insufficient extent. Since receptors for adrenal steroids have a wide distribution, initial symptoms may be nonspecific. In particular, the lack of glucocorticoids can quickly lead to a life-threatening adrenal crisis.

DHEAS and Differential Blood Counts as Indirect Signs of Glucocorticoid Excess in Adrenal Non-Producing Adenomas.

The majority of incidentally discovered adrenal tumors are later characterized as non-producing adrenocortical adenomas (NPA). We asked whether laboratory abnormalities in parameters that reflect glucocorticoid action can be found in patients with NPA despite their nature of being clinically unapparent. Since glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressants we studied blood counts and differential blood counts along with corticotropin and dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS) blood concentrations, as well as cortisol values before and after an overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test.

Biomechanics of the osteoporotic spine, pain, and principles of training.

Introduction: A fracture is a clinical manifestation of osteoporosis and is one of the main causes of functional limitations and chronic pain in patients with osteoporosis. Muscle and coordination training are recommended to the patients as general measures. We inquired whether sling training is better than traditional physiotherapy in relieving pain and improving abilities of daily living.

Trend of antihyperglycaemic therapy and glycaemic control in 184,864 adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes between 2002 and 2014: Analysis of real-life data from the DPV registry from Germany and Austria.

Aims: To analyse time trends of antihyperglycaemic therapy and glycaemic control in adult subjects with type 1, or type 2 diabetes between 2002 and 2014 in Germany/Austria.

Methods: 184,864 adults with diabetes (35,144 type 1 diabetes (T1D), 149,720 type 2 diabetes (T2D)) from the DPV-database documented between 2002 and 2014 were included. Regression models were applied for antihyperglycaemic therapy in T2D (non-pharmacological, OADs only, insulin±OADs), insulin therapy in T1D (CT, ICT, CSII) and T2D (BOT, SIT, CT, ICT, CSII), for the use of insulin analogues, and for glycaemic control (HbA1C, severe hypoglycaemia), adjusting for confounders sex, age, and diabetes duration.

Altered bone metabolism and bone density in patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.

Context: Due to maldigestion, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) in chronic pancreatitis may lead to deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamin D. This may, in turn, can cause disturbances in bone metabolism and reduce bone mineral density.

Objective: To conduct a prospective study of maldigestion, bone metabolism, and bone mineral density in a group of patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Effects of physical therapy on quality of life in osteoporosis patients - a randomized clinical trial.

Summary: The aim of this prospective randomized single-center study was to investigate whether sling exercise therapy is superior to conventional exercises in osteoporosis patients.

Background: Patients with osteoporosis frequently experience fractures of the vertebral body, which may cause chronic back pain and other symptoms. These, in turn, may lead to immobilization, muscular atrophy, and restrictions in activities of daily living.