Quantifying Patient Capabilities and Setting the Stage for Future Development: Insights from a Sensor-Augmented Simulated Use Study with Pen Injectors.

Background: While formative and summative usability testing is essential to confirm safe and effective product use, it may not be sufficient to comprehensively understand user capabilities and limitations in device interactions. Therefore, this research aims to quantify user handling forces for different device handling steps of pen injectors through sensor-augmented simulated use studies.

Research Design And Methods: The study involved 46 participants who were divided into two groups: a healthy control group and a group of users with dexterity impairments.

Pen devices for self-injection: contrasting measured injection force with users' perceived ease of injection.

Objectives: Past research has emphasized injection force as a clinically highly relevant technical attribute of pen devices. However, little work has been conducted to relate these results to in-use studies. This article explores whether and how differences in pen injection force profiles influence users' self-reported perceived ease of injection and preferences.