Biopsychosocial factors associated with physical activity among Resettlers of the former Soviet Union in Germany: a cross-sectional analysis.

Objective: Previous research suggests an overall lower cardiovascular disease mortality among ethnic German Resettlers from the Former Soviet Union. However, evidence points to a high burden of metabolic risk factors and chronic conditions among Resettlers, factors which are correlated to lower levels of physical activity. Thus, this study aims to assess factors associated with physical activity among Resettlers, by investigating the interplay between biopsychosocial factors and physical activity between men and women.

Mental health indicators for children and adolescents in OECD countries: a scoping review.

Background: This scoping review is a further step to build up the Mental Health Surveillance System for Germany. It summarizes and analyzes indicators used or described in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for public mental health monitoring in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years.

Methods: We searched PubMed-MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Databases, and Google Scholar from 2000 to September 2022.

Correction: Comparison of Four Active SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Strategies in Representative Population Sample Points: Two-Factor Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/44204.].

Prevalence of major non-communicable diseases and their associated risk factors in Afghanistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and increasingly so in low- and middle-income countries. Afghanistan is dealing with a double burden of diseases, yet there has been no evidence synthesis on the prevalence of major NCDs and their risk factors.

Objective: This study aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the existing data on the prevalence of major NCDs and the common related risk factors in Afghanistan.

The global economic burden of health anxiety/hypochondriasis- a systematic review.

Background: Recent studies have shown a lifetime prevalence of 5.7% for health anxiety/hypochondriasis resulting in increased healthcare service utilisation and disability as consequences. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no systematic review examining the global costs of hypochondriasis, encompassing both direct and indirect costs.

Secondary vectors of Zika Virus, a systematic review of laboratory vector competence studies.

Background: After the unprecedented Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the western hemisphere from 2015-2018, Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are now well established primary and secondary ZIKV vectors, respectively. Consensus about identification and importance of other secondary ZIKV vectors remain.

Associations of Migration, Socioeconomic Position and Social Relations With Depressive Symptoms - Analyses of the German National Cohort Baseline Data.

We analyze whether the prevalence of depressive symptoms differs among various migrant and non-migrant populations in Germany and to what extent these differences can be attributed to socioeconomic position (SEP) and social relations. The German National Cohort health study (NAKO) is a prospective multicenter cohort study (N = 204,878). Migration background (assessed based on citizenship and country of birth of both participant and parents) was used as independent variable, age, sex, Social Network Index, the availability of emotional support, SEP (relative income position and educational status) and employment status were introduced as covariates and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) as dependent variable in logistic regression models.

Perceptions, health seeking behavior and utilization of maternal and newborn health services among an indigenous tribal community in Northeast India-a community-based mixed methods study.

Background: Evidence suggests that healthcare utilization among tribal communities in isolated regions can be influenced by social determinants of health, particularly cultural and geographical factors. The true mortality and morbidity due to these factors in remote tribal communities are often underestimated due to facility-dependent reporting systems often difficult to access. We studied the utilization of health services for maternal and newborn care and explored how cultural beliefs, perceptions, and practices influence the health-seeking behavior (HSB) of an indigenous tribal community in Northeast India.

Strengthening national public health institutes: a systematic review on institution building in the public sector.

Introduction: Strong and efficient institutions are vital to the development of well-functioning governments and strong societies. The term "institution building" encompasses the creation, support, development, and strengthening of organizations and institutions. Still, there is little aggregated evidence on "institution building" considering a wider system-thinking approach, best practices, or development cooperation specifically in the field of public health.

Comparison of Four Active SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Strategies in Representative Population Sample Points: Two-Factor Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by rapid increases in infection burden owing to the emergence of new variants with higher transmissibility and immune escape. To date, monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic has mainly relied on passive surveillance, yielding biased epidemiological measures owing to the disproportionate number of undetected asymptomatic cases. Active surveillance could provide accurate estimates of the true prevalence to forecast the evolution of the pandemic, enabling evidence-based decision-making.

Exploring computer-aided health decision-making on cervical cancer interventions through deliberative interviews in Ethiopia.

Cervical cancer is a significant disease burden in Ethiopia. Mathematical models and computer simulations on disease dynamics can support effective resource allocation. The objectives of this work are (i) to explore the perspectives of health decision-makers on computer-aided predictions supporting cervical cancer interventions, (ii) to identify their information needs from these predictions, and (iii) their willingness to apply the results in their work.

Scalable RT-LAMP-based SARS-CoV-2 testing for infection surveillance with applications in pandemic preparedness.

Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, limited diagnostic capacities prevented sentinel testing, demonstrating the need for novel testing infrastructures. Here, we describe the setup of a cost-effective platform that can be employed in a high-throughput manner, which allows surveillance testing as an acute pandemic control and preparedness tool, exemplified by SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics in an academic environment. The strategy involves self-sampling based on gargling saline, pseudonymized sample handling, automated RNA extraction, and viral RNA detection using a semiquantitative multiplexed colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay with an analytical sensitivity comparable with RT-qPCR.

From disgusting and complicated to simple and brilliant: Implementation perspectives and lessons learned from users and rejectors of mail-in SARS-CoV-2 gargle tests.

Background: Despite the important role of testing as a measure against the COVID-19 pandemic, user perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 tests remain scarce, inhibiting an improvement of testing approaches. As the world enters the third year of the pandemic, more nuanced perspectives of testing, and opportunities to expand testing in a feasible and affordable manner merit consideration.

Methods: Conducted amid the second pandemic wave (late 2020-early 2021) during and after a multi-arm trial evaluating SARS-CoV-2 surveillance strategies in the federal state Baden-Württemberg, Germany, this qualitative sub-study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of how test users and test rejectors perceived mail-in SARS-CoV-2 gargle tests.

Cost and cost-effectiveness of four different SARS-CoV-2 active surveillance strategies: evidence from a randomised control trial in Germany.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has entered its third year and continues to affect most countries worldwide. Active surveillance, i.e.

Prevalence of anemia among Indigenous children in Latin America: a systematic review.

Objective: To describe the prevalence pattern of anemia among Indigenous children in Latin America.

Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed. Records were identified from the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Lilacs by two independent researchers between May and June 2021.

Authors' response: Occupation and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among workers during the first pandemic wave in Germany: potential for bias.

We thank van Tongeren et al for responding to our study on occupational disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection risks during the first pandemic wave in Germany (1). The authors address the potential for bias resulting from differential testing between occupational groups and propose an alternative analytical strategy for dealing with selective testing. In the following, we want to discuss two aspects of this issue, namely (i) the extent and reasons of differential testing in our cohort and (ii) the advantages and disadvantages of different analytical approaches to study risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Birth Order, Caesarean Section, or Daycare Attendance in Relation to Child- and Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Results from the German National Cohort.

(1) Background: Global incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising and nearly half occurred in adults. However, it is unclear if certain early-life childhood T1D risk factors were also associated with adult-onset T1D. This study aimed to assess associations between birth order, delivery mode or daycare attendance and type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk in a population-based cohort and whether these were similar for childhood- and adult-onset T1D (cut-off age 15); (2) Methods: Data were obtained from the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie) baseline assessment.

A Systematic Scoping Review on Migrant Health Coverage in Thailand.

(1) Background: Thailand is a major migrant receiving country and pioneer of migrant health policy in the ASEAN region. However, on the ground, coverage of migrants is faced with multiple barriers. (2) Objectives: We aim to scope and analyse the types of available evidence on migrant health coverage in Thailand and identify knowledge gaps.

Accuracy of HPV testing on self-collected and clinician-collected samples for different screening strategies in African settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Cervical cancer still poses a considerable threat to women in low- and middle-income countries, particularly on the African continent. Self-collection of a vaginal sample promises advantages over the established sampling by clinicians. We aimed to assess the accuracy of self-sampling compared to clinician sampling in order to inform its application in primary care in the African context.

The Impact of School-Based Nutrition Interventions on Parents and Other Family Members: A Systematic Literature Review.

Little is known about the impact of school-based nutrition interventions on parents and other family members. This systematic review aims to explore the impact of school-based nutrition interventions on different parental/family outcomes, mainly dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, and health outcomes. PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, EconLit, Cochrane Reviews, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for controlled trials or natural experiments measuring the impact of school-based nutrition interventions, with or without parental involvement, on parents/families of school children.

Occupation and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among 108 960 workers during the first pandemic wave in Germany.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the occupational risk for a SARS-CoV-2 infection in a nationwide sample of German workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (1 February-31 August 2020).

Methods: We used the data of 108 960 workers who participated in a COVID follow-up survey of the German National Cohort (NAKO). Occupational characteristics were derived from the German Classification of Occupations 2010 (Klassifikation der Berufe 2010).

Factors influencing the uptake of short-term contraceptives among women in Afghanistan.

The aim of this study is to assess factors that influence the uptake of short-term contraceptives among married women aged between 15 and 49 years in Afghanistan. The cross-sectional Afghanistan 2015 Demographic and Health Survey provided the dataset for this analysis. We included 22,974 women and applied multivariable logistic regression to investigate the influencing factors for the uptake of short-term contraceptives.

: Phases of quarantine among asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 carriers in Germany.

Although a majority of SARS-COV-2 diagnosis are asymptomatic, presymptimatic or minimally symptomatic, little has been described and understood about the illness careers of these individuals. This study explored the lived experience of a SARS-COV-2 diagnosis and subsequent quarantine among individuals in Germany who were diagnosed with SARS-COV-2 during the second wave of the pandemic (late 2020-early 2021), but whose diagnosis was unexpected due to a lack of a known contact, or the asymptomatic nature of their case at the time of diagnosis. In-depth interviews (n ​= ​22) were conducted by phone or video call, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim.

Long-Term Outcomes of in Utero Ramadan Exposure: A Systematic Literature Review.

Health outcomes of in utero Ramadan exposure have been reported in a systematic literature review; however, the available literature on long-term effects were not fully covered. Our study aims to specifically review the long-term outcomes of in utero Ramadan exposure. We searched for original research articles analyzing any long-term outcome of in utero Ramadan exposure, excluding maternal and perinatal outcomes.