Number of children and risk of dementia: a cohort study.

Background: Findings on the link between the number of children and dementia risk are inconsistent, mostly studied in females, suggesting pregnancy-related changes may be a key factor in this association.

Methods: The Adult Changes in Thought Study is a cohort of adults aged ≥65 years from Kaiser Permanente Washington. The primary exposure was the number of children (0, 1, 2, 3 or ≥4), and the outcome was an incident dementia diagnosis.

Understanding resilience: Lifestyle-based behavioral predictors of mental health and well-being in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Changes in sleep, physical activity and mental health were observed in older adults during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we describe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adult mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle behaviors and explore predictors of better mid-pandemic mental health and wellbeing.

Methods: Participants in the Adult Changes in Thought study completed measures of lifestyle behaviors (e.

Movement- and Posture-based Measures of Sedentary Patterns and Associations with Metabolic Syndrome in Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic Adults.

Background: Sedentary behavior has been identified as a significant risk factor for Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). However, it is unclear if the sedentary pattern measurement approach (posture vs. movement) impacts observed associations or if associations differ for Hispanic/Latino communities, who have higher risk of MetS.

Pharmacoepidemiology evaluation of bumetanide as a potential candidate for drug repurposing for Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Bumetanide, a loop diuretic, was identified as a candidate drug for repurposing for Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on its effects on transcriptomic apolipoprotein E signatures. Cross-sectional analyses of electronic health records suggest that bumetanide is associated with decreased prevalence of AD; however, temporality between bumetanide exposure and AD development has not been established.

Methods: We evaluated Medicare claims data using Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the association between time-dependent use of bumetanide and time to first AD diagnosis while controlling for patient characteristics.

Associations of steps per day and step intensity with the risk of cancer: Findings from the Women's Health Accelerometry Collaboration cohort.

Objective: Accumulating more steps/day is associated with a lower risk of cancer mortality and composite cancer outcomes. However, less is known about the relationship of steps/day with the risk of multiple site-specific cancers.

Methods: This study included >22,000 women from the Women's Health Accelerometry Collaboration Cohort (2011-2022), comprised of women from the Women's Health Study and Women's Health Initiative Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study.

How Generalizable Are Findings from a Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study? Extending Estimates from the Adult Changes in Thought Study to Its Source Population.

Background: The Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study is a cohort of Kaiser Permanente Washington members ages 65+ that began in 1994.

Objective: We wanted to know how well ACT participants represented all older adults in the region, and how well ACT findings on eye disease and its relationship with Alzheimer's disease generalized to all older adults in the Seattle Metropolitan Region.

Methods: We used participation weights derived from pooling ACT and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data to estimate prevalences of common eye diseases and their associations with Alzheimer's disease incidence.

A RIEMANN MANIFOLD MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PATTERNS.

Physical activity (PA) is significantly associated with many health outcomes. The wide usage of wearable accelerometer-based activity trackers in recent years has provided a unique opportunity for in-depth research on PA and its relations with health outcomes and interventions. Past analysis of activity tracker data relies heavily on aggregating minute-level PA records into day-level summary statistics in which important information of PA temporal/diurnal patterns is lost.

Accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns using single- and multi-component latent class analysis among postmenopausal women.

Background: Patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior among postmenopausal women are not well characterized.

Objectives: To describe the patterns of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior among postmenopausal women.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Historic Cognitive Function Trajectories as Predictors of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Older Adults.

Background: We examined whether trajectories of cognitive function over 10 years predict later-life physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and sleep.

Methods: Participants were from the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) cohort study. We included 611 ACT participants who wore accelerometers and had 3+ measures of cognition in the 10 years prior to accelerometer wear.

Associations of Relative Intensity of Physical Activity With Incident Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality.

Background: The relative intensity of physical activity (PA) can be estimated as the percent of one's maximal effort required.

Methods: We compared associations of relative and absolute intensity PA with incident major cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in 5 633 women from the Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study (mean age 78.5 ± 6.

The Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trials and Clinical Practice: A Review.

Importance: Approximately 55 million people in the US and approximately 1.1 billion people worldwide are postmenopausal women. To inform clinical practice about the health effects of menopausal hormone therapy, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation, and a low-fat dietary pattern, the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) enrolled 161 808 postmenopausal US women (N = 68 132 in the clinical trials) aged 50 to 79 years at baseline from 1993 to 1998, and followed them up for up to 20 years.

Using functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to quantify sitting patterns derived from wearable sensors.

Background: Sedentary behavior (SB) is a recognized risk factor for many chronic diseases. ActiGraph and activPAL are two commonly used wearable accelerometers in SB research. The former measures body movement and the latter measures body posture.

Loneliness, social isolation, and cardiovascular disease among nonveteran and Veteran women.

We examined the prospective associations of social isolation and loneliness with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among aging nonveteran and veteran women, and effect modification by veteran status. Participants with no history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), or coronary heart failure from the Women's Health Initiative Extension Study II self-reported social isolation, loneliness, health behaviors, health status, and veteran status. CVD and CVD subevents were physician adjudicated.

Correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior among cancer survivors and cancer-free women: The Women's Health Accelerometry Collaboration.

Background: Describing correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among postmenopausal cancer survivors can help identify risk profiles and can be used to support development of targeted interventions to improve PA and reduce SB in this population.

Objective: To describe PA/SB and identify correlates of PA/SB among cancer and cancer-free post-menopausal women.

Methods: Women from the Women's Health Study (N = 16,629) and Women's Health Initiative/Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study (N = 6,079) were asked to wear an accelerometer on the hip for 7 days.

An empowerment model for managing menopause.

Menopause eventually happens to all people with typically functioning ovaries, and almost one billion women worldwide are postmenopausal. Although the biology of typical menopause is ubiquitous, the experience varies substantially. Factors contributing to the experience include not only individual factors, such as the nature and severity of symptoms, but also psychological, social, and contextual considerations, many of which are modifiable.

Development, validation, and transportability of several machine-learned, non-exercise-based VO prediction models for older adults.

Background: There exist few maximal oxygen uptake (VO) non-exercise-based prediction equations, fewer using machine learning (ML), and none specifically for older adults. Since direct measurement of VO is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies, we sought to develop, validate, compare, and assess the transportability of several ML VO prediction algorithms.

Methods: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) participants with valid VO tests were included (n = 1080).

Prospective Associations of Accelerometer-Measured Machine-Learned Sedentary Behavior With Death Among Older Women: The OPACH Study.

Background: Sedentary behavior is a recognized mortality risk factor. The novel and validated convolutional neural network hip accelerometer posture algorithm highly accurately classifies sitting and postural changes compared with accelerometer count cut points. We examined the prospective associations of convolutional neural network hip accelerometer posture-classified total sitting time and mean sitting bout duration with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death.

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Heart Failure Risk in Women Aged 63 to 99 Years.

Importance: Heart failure (HF) prevention is paramount to public health in the 21st century.

Objective: To examine incident HF and its subtypes with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced EF (HFrEF) according to accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a prospective cohort study, the Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) in Older Women study, conducted from March 2012 to April 2014.

Feasibility of a Health Coach Intervention to Reduce Sitting Time and Improve Physical Functioning Among Breast Cancer Survivors: Pilot Intervention Study.

Background: Sedentary behavior among breast cancer survivors is associated with increased risk of poor physical function and worse quality of life. While moderate to vigorous physical activity can improve outcomes for cancer survivors, many are unable to engage in that intensity of physical activity. Decreasing sitting time may be a more feasible behavioral target to potentially mitigate the impact of cancer and its treatments.

Calibrating Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior for Hip-Worn Accelerometry in Older Women With Two Epoch Lengths: The Women's Health Initiative Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Calibration Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop 60-second epoch accelerometer intensity cutpoints for vertical axis count and vector magnitude (VM) output from hip-worn tri-axial accelerometers among women 60-91 years. We also compared these cutpoints against cutpoints derived by multiplying 15-second epoch cutpoints by four.

Methods: Two hundred apparently healthy women wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on their hip while performing a variety of laboratory-based activities that were sedentary (watching television, assembling a puzzle), low light (washing/drying dishes), high light (laundry, dust mopping), or MVPA (400-meter walk) intensity.

The association of leukocyte telomere length with exceptional longevity among older women.

The association of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with survival to late life with intact mobility has not been adequately studied. This prospective cohort study consisted of 1451 postmenopausal women from a Women's Health Initiative ancillary study, who were eligible, because of birth year, to survive to age 90 as of March 6, 2021. LTL was measured by Southern blot at baseline (1993-1998).