Epidermal Nevi: What Is New.

This article reviews the clinical findings of epidermal nevi and their associated syndromes and provides an update on their pathogenic genetic changes as well as targeted therapies detailed to date.

Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of a Topical Formulation Containing Epidermal Growth Factor, Tranexamic Acid, Vitamin C, Arbutin, Niacinamide and Other Ingredients as Hydroquinone 4% Alternatives to Improve Hyperpigmentation: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Split Face Study.

Hyperpigmentation is a common concern of patients in aesthetic practice. There are various treatment options, but topical depigmenting agents such as hydroquinone (HQ) are usually a first-line option. Given HQ's side effects and potential controversy over its long-term use from prior animal studies, there is a consumer demand for non-HQ topical formulations that provide similar efficacy, but with a reduced adverse reaction profile to HQ.

Safety/Efficacy of New Topical Silicone Formulation with Selective Growth Factors for Treating Striae Distensae.

Striae distensae (SD) are linear dermal scars that arise from progressive stretching or tearing of the dermal layer. This study tests the safety and efficacy of a topical formulation of silicone-based scar cream containing selective synthetic recombinant human growth factors, hyaluronic acid, and vitamin C to improve overall appearance and texture of SD. Twenty-two subjects with SD alba were recruited and randomized to apply the topical formula to half of their SD laterally twice a day for 1 month.

Atopic dermatitis: addressing allergy, infection, itch and complementary therapies.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex condition that results from the dynamic interplay between genetic predisposition, skin barrier defects, environmental factors, and a dysfunctional immune system. As a result, AD can be complicated by irritant and allergic contact dermatitis and imbalances in the skin microbiome, which can subsequently exacerbate the severity and complicate the course of preexisting atopic disease. Itch is an important symptom of AD, as it plays a large role in the quality of life of patients and their families.

Atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis.

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a complex inflammatory cutaneous disorder characterized by immune mediated inflammation and epidermal barrier dysfunction. Arising from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors, the definitive etiology of AD is perplexing and controversial. Advances in molecular medicine are radically transforming our understanding of AD pathogenesis.

Diagnosis, comorbidity, and psychosocial impact of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, with a remitting relapsing course. The central diagnostic features of AD include pruritus, xerosis, eczematous lesions with a characteristic morphology and distribution, and a personal or family history of atopic disease. Several clinical studies have emphasized the link between AD and other atopic disorders including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies.

Curriculum United for Better Eczema Care: why, how, and what?

While various medical specialties treat eczema patients, care for these patients is largely fragmented and disorganized. Moreover, standardized treatment protocols that incorporate upcoming eczema therapies and emerging guidelines have yet to be established. Thus, there is both a need and an opportunity to equip clinicians to succeed in this novel and changing era of eczema care.

Current and emerging topical therapies for atopic dermatitis.

The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) involves epidermal barrier dysfunction and T helper cell type 2 (T2) lymphocyte-driven inflammation. Cytokines, such as interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-13, are important in this reaction. They stimulate B cells to produce immunoglobulin E, causing atopic disease.

Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis: Progress and Outlook.

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a cyclic AMP degrading enzyme in leukocytes. Several decades ago, increased PDE activity was demonstrated in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Currently, several PDE4 inhibitors in both topical and oral formulation have been developed to target the inflammatory cascade of AD.

Current guidelines for the evaluation and management of atopic dermatitis: A comparison of the Joint Task Force Practice Parameter and American Academy of Dermatology guidelines.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory disease that commonly presents in the pediatric population. Although definitions and diagnosis of AD have largely been agreed upon, allergists and dermatologists have similar and divergent approaches to the management of AD. This review facilitated integration of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology/American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Joint Task Force 2012 AD Practice Parameter and the 2014 American Academy of Dermatology guidelines to highlight the basic principles of AD management and discuss therapies and management of AD from the distinct perspectives of the allergist and dermatologist.

Output order reflects the cognitive accessibility of goals.

Goal accessibility--the ease or speed with which a goal is activated--increases the likelihood that it will be acted on. The present studies validate output order as a measure of goal accessibility that can be applied to goal lists in both laboratory and naturalistic settings. In three studies, output order (the order in which goals are listed in a free-response format) was related to self-reported goal value but was not redundant with it.