Efficacy and safety of rechallenge [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT after initial partial remission in patients with mCRPC: evaluation of a prospective registry (REALITY study).

Aim: Rechallenge of [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) was proposed for patients who initially responded to PSMA-RLT experiencing partial remission, but relapsed into progression after a certain period of remission. However, only limited data is available regarding this approach. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy and safety profile of one or more series of [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT rechallenge in patients from a prospective registry (REALITY Study, NCT04833517) after they initially benefited from PSMA-RLT.

Factors Contributing to Sex Differences in Mice Inhaling .

is a respiratory fungal pathogen and an allergen, commonly detected in flooded indoor environments and agricultural settings. Previous studies in Balb/c mice showed that repeated inhalation of live and dry spores, without any adjuvant, elevated allergic immune response and airway remodeling. Sex-specific differences can influence host-pathogen interactions and allergic-asthma related outcomes.

New insights in the paradigm of upregulation of tumoral PSMA expression by androgen receptor blockade: Enzalutamide induces PSMA upregulation in castration-resistant prostate cancer even in patients having previously progressed on enzalutamide.

Purpose: There is preliminary evidence for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) upregulation effects of androgen receptor blockade in prostate cancer. In an attempt to find the best condition for PSMA radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients, we evaluated the effect of oral enzalutamide in patients, predominantly having previously progressed on enzalutamide treatment.

Methods: Ten patients with advanced mCRPC scheduled for PSMA radioligand therapy were examined with Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT before and after a mean of 11.

Reduced MIBG accumulation of the parotid and submandibular glands in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Alpha-synuclein pathology (ASP) is a characteristic histopathological finding in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). The ASP involves not only the brain but also extracranial structures. In the present study we utilized MIBG scintigraphy to measure the sympathetic innervation of the major salivary glands.

A novel crosstalk between the tumor suppressors ING1 and ING2 regulates androgen receptor signaling.

Unlabelled: The androgen receptor (AR) is a transcriptional factor that has a pivotal role in the development of normal and also cancerous prostate. Therefore, analyzing AR signaling is essential to understand cancerogensis and proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa). Inhibitor of growth 1 (ING1) and ING2 are tumor suppressors with reduced expression in many cancer types.

Feasibility of a semi-automated contrast-oriented algorithm for tumor segmentation in retrospectively gated PET images: phantom and clinical validation.

PET/CT plays an important role in radiotherapy planning for lung tumors. Several segmentation algorithms have been proposed for PET tumor segmentation. However, most of them do not take into account respiratory motion and are not well validated.

Hypoxia upregulates aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 (ALDH1) expression and induces functional stem cell characteristics in human glioblastoma cells.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) has been used to isolate tumorigenic stem-like cells in a large number of tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We recently showed that human glioblastoma cells with high ALDH1 (ALDH1(high)) activity contain stem-cell-like characteristics. In the study reported here, we isolated established and primary human glioblastoma cells based on their ALDH1 expression.

PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in lung cancer: comparison with pathological findings.

Purpose: The objective of the study was to validate an adaptive, contrast-oriented thresholding algorithm (COA) for tumour delineation in (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in comparison with pathological findings. The impact of tumour localization, tumour size and uptake heterogeneity on PET delineation results was also investigated.

Methods: PET tumour delineation by COA was compared with both CT delineation and pathological findings in 15 patients to investigate its validity.

FP-CIT SPECT does not predict the progression of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Background/aims: FP-CIT (fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-4-iodophenyl-nortroptane) SPECT is a well-established nuclear medicine method to support the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we examined the prognostic value of FP-CIT SPECT concerning the PD motor symptoms.

Methods: All 38 PD patients (age 57 ± 7 years, Hoehn & Yahr stage 1.

Impact of rigid and nonrigid registration on the determination of 18F-FDG PET-based tumour volume and standardized uptake value in patients with lung cancer.

Purpose: Assessment of the metabolically active tumour tissue by FDG PET is evolving for use in the diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), in the planning of radiotherapy, and in follow-up and response evaluation. For exact evaluation accurate registration of PET and CT data is required. The registration process is usually based on rigid algorithms; however, nonrigid algorithms are increasingly being used.

Prospective study of p-[123I]iodo-L-phenylalanine and SPECT for the evaluation of newly diagnosed cerebral lesions: specific confirmation of glioma.

Purpose: The differentiation between gliomas, metastases and gliotic or inflammatory lesions by imaging techniques remains a challenge. Gliomas frequently exhibit increased uptake of radiolabelled amino acids and are thus amenable to PET or SPECT imaging. Recently, p-[123I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (IPA) was validated for the visualization of glioma by SPECT and received orphan drug status.

A contrast-oriented algorithm for FDG-PET-based delineation of tumour volumes for the radiotherapy of lung cancer: derivation from phantom measurements and validation in patient data.

Purpose: An easily applicable algorithm for the FDG-PET-based delineation of tumour volumes for the radiotherapy of lung cancer was developed by phantom measurements and validated in patient data.

Methods: PET scans were performed (ECAT-ART tomograph) on two cylindrical phantoms (phan1, phan2) containing glass spheres of different volumes (7.4-258 ml) which were filled with identical FDG concentrations.

Validation of 8-[123I]iodo-L-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxyisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid as an imaging agent for prostate cancer in experimental models of human prostate cancer.

Introduction: Very few tracers are currently available for the detection and staging of prostate cancer with positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography. This study evaluates the potential of 8-[123I]iodo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxyisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [ITIC(OH)] as an imaging agent for prostate cancer in experimental models of human prostate cancer.

Methods: ITIC(OH) was prepared by the IODO-GEN method, with 82+/-7% radiochemical yield and >99% radiochemical purity after high-performance liquid chromatography.

Validation of brain tumour imaging with p-[123I]iodo-L-phenylalanine and SPECT.

Purpose: The aims of this prospective study were to validate single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with p-[(123)I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (IPA) in brain tumours and to evaluate its potential for the characterisation of indeterminate brain lesions.

Methods: In 45 patients with indeterminate brain lesions or suspected progression of glioma, amino acid uptake was studied using IPA-SPECT and compared with the final diagnosis established by biopsy or serial imaging. After image fusion of IPA-SPECT and magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of tumour was visually determined by two independent observers.

Mapping of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system by single photon emission tomography with technetium-99m-labelled fluorobenzylpiperidine derivative (99mTc-FBPBAT): result of a feasibility study in a porcine model and an initial dosimetric estimation in humans.

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPET) offer the most promising tools for the in-vivo assessment of the cardiac autonomic nervous system in humans. However, the clinical application of PET and SPET on a routine basis is severely limited by the lack of widely available selective radiotracers. Technetium-99m-labelled 4-fluorobenzyl-4-(2-mercapto-2-methyl-4-aza-pentyl)-4-(2-mercapto-2-methyl-propylamino)-piperidine (99mTc-FBPBAT) is a recently developed radiotracer which exhibited marked adrenergic affinity in previous investigations in vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac myocytes, and in rats.

Pharmacokinetic interaction study of a fixed combination of 500 mg acetylsalicylic acid/30 mg pseudoephedrine versus each of the single active ingredients in healthy male volunteers.

Unlabelled: Acetylsalicylic acid (CAS 50-78-2, ASA) and pseudoephedrine (CAS 90-82-4, PSE) both are remedies given together for the treatment of the symptoms of a common cold, i.e. mainly nasal congestion, running nose, sore throat and headache.