Proinflammatory Dietary Pattern and Risk of Total and Subtypes of Breast Cancer Among U.S. Women.

Background: Dietary patterns promoting chronic inflammation, including the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), have been associated with certain cancers. Investigating whether this dietary pattern is associated with breast cancer-where the role of inflammation is less well-defined-could provide valuable insights and potentially improve strategies for preventing this cancer.

Methods: We prospectively followed 76,386 women from Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1984-2018) and 92,886 women from Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII, 1991-2019).

Consumption of aspartame and risk of breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Studies.

Debate persists regarding the potential carcinogenicity of aspartame as suggested by experimental studies. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated whether aspartame consumption is associated with breast cancer risk in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Nurses' Health study II (NHSII). We used Cox models to calculate HRs and 95% CIs.

Dietary-Based Diabetes Risk Score and breast cancer: a prospective evaluation in the SUN project.

An association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and breast cancer risk has been reported. This association can be potentially explained by alteration of the insulin/IGF system. Therefore, we aimed to prospectively investigate whether a previously reported Dietary-Based Diabetes Risk Score (DDS) inversely associated with T2D was also associated with breast cancer risk in the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") cohort.

Consumption of olive oil and risk of breast cancer in U.S. women: results from the Nurses' Health Studies.

Background: Olive oil consumption may reduce breast cancer risk, but it is unclear whether olive oil is beneficial for breast cancer prevention in populations outside of Mediterranean regions, namely in the U.S., where the average consumption of olive oil is low compared with Mediterranean populations.

Associations between overall, healthful, and unhealthful low-fat dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in a Mediterranean cohort: The SUN project.

Objectives: Dietary patterns may have a greater influence on human health than individual foods or nutrients, and they are also of substantial interest in the field of breast cancer prevention. Beyond the adequate balance of macronutrients, evidence indicates that the quality of macronutrient sources may play an important role in health outcomes. We sought to examine the relationship between healthful and unhealthful low-fat dietary patterns in relation to breast cancer.

Inflammatory and insulinemic dietary patterns and risk of endometrial cancer among US women.

Background: Although unopposed estrogen exposure is considered a major driver of endometrial carcinogenesis, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are also major endometrial cancer risk factors. However, it is unclear whether diets with inflammatory or insulinemic potential are associated with risk of endometrial cancer.

Methods: We followed 48 330 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2016) and 85 426 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2017).

Prospective Study of Avocado Consumption and Cancer Risk in U.S. Men and Women.

Unlabelled: Avocados contain nutrients and phytochemicals that make it promising for cancer prevention, and chemopreventive properties have been demonstrated in prior studies. Prospective studies on avocado consumption and cancer risk have yet to be conducted. This study included data from 45,289 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2016) and 67,039 women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1986-2014).

Insulinemic potential of diet and risk of total and subtypes of breast cancer among US females.

Background: Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia play important roles in the progression of multiple chronic disease and conditions. Diet modulates insulin response; however, evidence is limited regarding whether diets with higher insulinemic potential increase the risk of invasive breast cancer.

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association between a food-based empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and the incidence of invasive breast cancer.

Association between parental attitudes towards their offspring's diet and children's actual dietary habits - The SENDO project.

Introduction: the preschool stage is a critical period for teaching and modeling healthy habits to positively influence children's health and wellbeing throughout their lifetime. Objectives: to evaluate the association between parental attitudes towards their offspring's dietary habits in Spanish children aged 4 to 7 years participating in the Follow-up of Children for Optimal Development (SENDO) project. Methods: we defined an index to measure information on parental attitudes towards their offspring's diet (0 to 8 points), and another one to measure children's actual dietary habits (0 to 19 points).

Healthful and Unhealthful Plant-Based Diets and Risk of Breast Cancer in U.S. Women: Results from the Nurses' Health Studies.

Background: Plant-based diets have been associated with lower risk of various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the association between plant-based diet quality and breast cancer remains unclear.

Methods: We prospectively followed 76,690 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1984-2016) and 93,295 women from the NHSII (1991-2017).

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Artificially Sweetened Beverages, and Breast Cancer Risk: Results From 2 Prospective US Cohorts.

Background: Whether consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) or artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) is associated with the risk of breast cancer is of public health interest.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate associations between consumption of SSBs and ASBs and risks of total and subtype-specific breast cancer.

Methods: We followed 82,713 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1980 to 2016) and 93,085 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1991 to 2017).

Dietary calcium, vitamin D, and breast cancer risk in women: findings from the SUN cohort.

Purpose: Epidemiological evidence concerning the relationship between calcium and vitamin D intake and breast cancer (BC) is inconclusive. Moreover, the association according to menopausal status remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether total intakes from dietary and supplemental sources of calcium and vitamin D were associated with the incidence of BC in a Mediterranean cohort.

Dairy Consumption and Incidence of Breast Cancer in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) Project.

Dairy products might influence breast cancer (BC) risk. However, evidence is inconsistent. We sought to examine the association between dairy product consumption-and their subtypes-and incident BC in a Mediterranean cohort.

Dietary Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals and Breast Cancer Risk: Prospective Results from the SUN Cohort.

There is growing interest in natural antioxidants and their potential effects on breast cancer (BC). Epidemiological evidence, however, is inconsistent. We prospectively evaluated the association between dietary intake of vitamins A, C, and E, selenium, and zinc and BC among 9983 female participants from the SUN Project, a Mediterranean cohort of university graduates.

Caesarean delivery is associated with an absolute increase in the prevalence of overweight in the offspring: The SENDO project.

Aim: The association between caesarean delivery and the risk of overweight/obesity in the offspring has been previously reported using conventional measures of association (relative risks or odds ratios). We aimed at refining the existing evidence by calculating the marginal effect of the exposure and estimating the unmeasured residual confounding.

Methods: In the 'SEguimiento del Niño para un Desarrollo Óptimo' Project, a dynamic multipurpose paediatric cohort study, we collected information from parents through self-administered online questionnaires.

Polyphenol intake and cognitive decline in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project.

The global growing rates of cognitive decline and dementia, together with the absence of curative therapies for these conditions, support the interest in researching potential primary prevention interventions, with particular focus on dietary habits. The aim was to assess the association between polyphenol intake and 6-year change in cognitive function in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) Project, a Spanish prospective cohort study. Changes (final - initial) in cognitive function were evaluated in a subsample of 806 participants (mean age 66 (sd 5) years, 69·7 % male) of the SUN Project using the validated Spanish Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified score.

Healthful and unhealthful provegetarian food patterns and the incidence of breast cancer: Results from a Mediterranean cohort.

Objectives: Provegetarian diets, also known as predominantly plant-based (but not vegetarian or vegan) or plant-forward diets, have been associated with health benefits. However, a distinction is needed between high- and low-quality provegetarian dietary patterns (PVGs). We sought to examine potential associations between PVG indices and breast cancer (BC) incidence.

Adherence to Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods among Spanish children: the SENDO project.

Objective: To assess whether higher adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) was associated with lower consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and lower free sugar intake.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline information among participants in the SENDO project, a Spanish paediatric cohort. Dietary information was collected through a semi-quantitative FFQ.

Validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in Spanish preschoolers - The SENDO project.

Introduction: currently, it is important to determine whether food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) are valid tools to collect information on usual diet in children. Objective: we evaluated the reproducibility and validity of the semi-quantitative FFQ used in a Spanish cohort of children aged 4-7 years. Methods: to explore its reproducibility, parents filled a 138-item FFQ at baseline (FFQ-0) and then one year later (FFQ-1).

Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Breast Cancer in the SUN Project.

A proportion of breast cancer cases are attributable to combined modifiable risk factors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) has recently updated the recommendations for cancer prevention and a standard scoring system has been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations (Third Expert Report) and the risk of breast cancer in the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") prospective cohort.

Carbohydrate quality index and breast cancer risk in a Mediterranean cohort: The SUN project.

Background & Aims: Beyond the quantity of carbohydrate intake, further research is needed on the relevance of carbohydrate quality. Thus, we evaluated the association between an a priori defined carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and the incidence of breast cancer (BC) in a Mediterranean cohort study.

Methods: We used a validated semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in a prospective follow-up study of 10,812 middle-aged women.

Binge Drinking and Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the SUN ('Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra') Project.

Alcohol intake is associated with the risk of breast cancer. Different patterns of alcohol-drinking may have different effects on breast cancer even when keeping constant the total amount of alcohol consumed. We aimed to assess the association between binge drinking and breast cancer risk.