Stereochemistry of phosphatidylglycerols from thermotolerant bacteria isolated thermal springs.

Phosphatidylglycerol (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-glycerol) (PG) is one of the most abundant lipids in biological membranes. However, the chirality of the carbon atom in glycerol phosphate differs among the three kingdoms: bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. It is commonly assumed that archaea, as well as bacteria and eukaryotes, produce only one isomer of PG.

Isolation and characterization of multiple-stress tolerant bacteria from radon springs.

Radon springs, characterized by their high concentrations of radon gas (Rn222), are extreme environments with unique physicochemical conditions distinct from conventional aquatic ecosystems. Our research aimed to investigate microbial life in radon springs, focusing on isolating extremophilic bacteria and assessing their resistance to adverse conditions. Our study revealed the prevalence of Actinomycetia species in the radon spring environment.

The Deciphering of Growth-Dependent Strategies for Quorum-Sensing Networks in .

is recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among nosocomial pathogens. In respiratory infections, acts not only as a single player but also collaborates with the opportunistic fungal pathogen . This study introduced a QS molecule portfolio as a potential new biomarker that affects the secretion of virulence factors and biofilm formation.

Off-line two-dimensional LC-tandem MS of menaquinones from thermophilic bacteria.

Thermophilic bacteria of four genera in contrast to the commonly used production strains such as Bacillus subtilis, produce homologs other than menaquinone (MK) with seven isoprene units. The number of isoprene units and the configuration of double bonds are essential factors for their biological activity. The goal was to obtain a strain of bacteria that produces a wide range of MK homologs and only all-trans geometrical isomers, which was the strain G.

Siderophore-Based Noninvasive Differentiation of Aspergillus fumigatus Colonization and Invasion in Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Germination from conidia to hyphae and hyphal propagation of Aspergillus fumigatus are the key pathogenic steps in the development of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). By applying observations in a clinical study of 13 patients diagnosed with probable IPA, here, we show that the transition from colonization to the A. fumigatus invasive stage is accompanied by the secretion of triacetylfusarinine C (TafC), triacetylfusarinine B (TafB), and ferricrocin (Fc) siderophores into urine, with strikingly better sensitivity performance than serum sampling.

Correction: Patil et al. Freeing of Polymycovirus Infection Renders It More Resistant to Competition with Due to Altered Iron-Acquiring Tactics. 2021, , 497.

In the original publication [...

Chiral analysis of glycerol phosphates - can bacteria biosynthesize heterochiral phospholipid membranes?

Phosphatidylglycerol (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-glycerol) (PG) is one of the most abundant lipids in bacteria. However, the chirality of the carbon atom on glycerol phosphate is different between the three kingdoms, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Archaea membranes consist of phospholipids with glycerol-1-phosphate (G1P) in the S configuration, whereas phospholipids of the other two kingdoms contain glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) having R stereochemistry.

Composition and Biological Activity of Winter Cane Extract on Candida Biofilm.

canes are waste material of grapevine pruning and thus represent cheap source of high-value polyphenols. In view of the fact that resistance of many pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics is a growing problem, the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols is studied as one of the possible approaches. We have investigated the total phenolic content, composition, antioxidant activity, and antifungal activity against biofilm of an extract from winter canes and a commercially available extract from blue grapes.

Noninvasive Combined Diagnosis and Monitoring of and Infections: Proof of Concept.

In acutely ill patients, particularly in intensive care units or in mixed infections, time to a microbe-specific diagnosis is critical to a successful outcome of therapy. We report the application of evolving technologies involving mass spectrometry to diagnose and monitor a patient's course. As proof of this concept, we studied five patients and used two rat models of mono-infection and coinfection.

Killing Effect of FZB42 on a pv. (Xcc) Strain Newly Isolated from Cabbage Convar. (L.): A Metabolomic Study.

The potential use of FZB42 for biological control of various phytopathogens has been documented over the past few years, but its antagonistic interactions with xanthomonads has not been studied in detail. Novel aspects in this study consist of close observation of the death of pv. cells in a co-culture with FZB42, and quantification of lipopeptides and a siderophore, bacillibactin, involved in the killing process.

Freeing of Polymycovirus Infection Renders It More Resistant to Competition with Due to Altered Iron-Acquiring Tactics.

A virus-free (VF) isolate has been shown to be resistant in competition with as compared to the isogenic line infected with polymycovirus 1 (AfuPmV-1), and this phenotype was apparently related to alterations in iron metabolism. Here we investigated further the mechanisms underpinning this phenotype. The extracellular siderophore profiles of five isogenic VF and virus-infected (VI) strains were sampled at 24, 31, 48, 54, and 72 h in submerged cultures and quantitatively examined by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Plasmalogens - Ubiquitous molecules occurring widely, from anaerobic bacteria to humans.

Plasmalogens are a group of lipids mainly found in the cell membranes. They occur in anaerobic bacteria and in some protozoa, invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. Their occurrence in plants and fungi is controversial.

Identification of Homologous Polyprenols from Thermophilic Bacteria.

Sixteen strains of five genera of thermophilic bacteria, i.e., , and were cultivated at a temperature from 42 to 70 °C.

Separation of regioisomers and enantiomers of triacylglycerols containing branched fatty acids (iso and/or anteiso).

A combination of two chromatographic and one enzymatic methods was used for identification of the molecular species of triacylglycerols (TAGs) from Streptomyces avermitilis. Streptomyces avermitliswas cultured on various carbon sources and the ratio of iso- (i-FAs), anteiso- (ai-FAs), and straight-chain- (n-FAs) fatty acids was modified by precursor-directed biosynthesis. Saturated TAGs were separated from other lipids (including TAGs containing unsaturated FAs) using Ag ion cartridges.

Separation and identification of diacylglycerols containing branched chain fatty acids by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A combination of two chromatographic and two enzymatic methods was used for the analysis of molecular species of lipids from Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Kocuria. Gram-positive bacteria contain a majority of branched fatty acids (FAs), especially iso- and/or anteiso-FAs. Two strains K.

Bringing SEM and MSI Closer Than Ever Before: Visualizing and Infection in the Rat Lungs.

A procedure for processing frozen rat lung tissue sections for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) from deeply frozen samples initially collected and stored for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was developed. The procedure employed slow thawing of the frozen sections while floating on the surface and melting in a fixative solution. After the float-washing step, the sections were dehydrated in a graded ethanol series and dried in a critical point dryer.

Characteristics of microbial community of soil subjected to industrial production of antibiotics.

Ecosystems worldwide are exposed to pollutants connected to the industrial production of pharmaceuticals. The objective of this study was to study the composition and characteristics of the soil microbial communities that had been exposed to long-term selection pressure caused by the industrial production of penicillin G. Soil samples from four sites among the penicillin G production plant were analysed using 16S rRNA profiling via Illumina MiSeq platform and were compared with the control samples from four sites outside the plant.

Ga-labelled desferrioxamine-B for bacterial infection imaging.

Purpose: With the increase of especially hospital-acquired infections, timely and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infections is crucial for effective patient care. Molecular imaging has the potential for specific and sensitive detection of infections. Siderophores are iron-specific chelators recognized by specific bacterial transporters, representing one of few fundamental differences between bacterial and mammalian cells.

Rhizoferrin Glycosylation in .

spp. are the most common etiological agents of mucormycosis, causing over 90% mortality in disseminated infections. The diagnosis relies on histopathology, culture, and/or polymerase chain reaction.

Separation of triacylglycerols containing allenic and acetylenic fatty acids by enantiomeric liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Triacylglycerols (TAGs) containing less common fatty acids (FAs) were isolated from the seeds of three plants (Santalum album, Crepis foetida, and Leucas aspera). These FAs had allenic (laballenic acid, Lb) and acetylenic (crepenynic, C; ximenynic acids, Xi) bonds. TAGs were analyzed on reversed-phase and chiral columns.

Effect of the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac on lipid composition of bacterial strain Raoultella sp. KDF8.

The strain Raoultella sp. KDF8 was cultivated on three sources of carbon and energy, glycerol, ethanol and diclofenac, for periods of time ranging from 24 to 72 h. Using thin-layer chromatography, nine classes of phospholipids were detected and the amount of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) decreased with increasing cultivation time.

Enantiomeric separation of triacylglycerols containing fatty acids with a ring (cyclofatty acids).

Triacylglycerols (TAGs) containing cyclofatty acids (cycloFAs) from two oilseeds of Sterculia foetida and Hydnocarpus wightiana were analysed using both reversed-phase (RP18) and chiral phase columns. TAGs were identified using high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode. Fifty-five molecular species of TAGs have been identified in sterculic oil, 27 of which contained at least one cyclopropenyl-FA (e.

Metabolic profiling of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans race 2 in dual cultures with biocontrol agents Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Trichoderma harzianum.

There are increasing efforts to identify biocontrol-active microbial metabolites in order to improve strategies for biocontrol of phytopathogens. In this work, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.