Color stability of an artificially aged nanofilled composite resin post-cured with different techniques.

Post-cured composite resins exhibit improvements in physical and mechanical properties due to additional polymerization conversion. However, the post-curing techniques might influence the color stability of composite resin materials. Thus, this study evaluated the color stability of a nanofilled composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT - 3M ESPE) subjected to different post-curing techniques.

Repair Bond Strength and Leakage of Non-Aged and Aged Bulk-fill Composite.

Purpose: This study evaluated repair protocols of a non-aged and aged bulk-fill composite in terms of bond strength and leakage.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-six bulk-fill resin specimens were constructed; half were submitted to thermocycling. Specimens were divided into six groups (n = 16) according to the repair treatments: CG: no repair (control group); Ad: adhesive; DbAd: abrasion with diamond bur + adhesive; SbAd: sandblasting + adhesive; DbSiAd: abrasion with diamond bur + silane + adhesive; and SbSiAd: sandblasting + silane + adhesive.

Effects of bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide with calcium or amorphous calcium phosphate on enamel mineral content and hardness.

This study evaluated enamel mineral content and surface microhardness before and after bleaching treatment using 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) containing calcium (Ca) or amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). Thirtysix bovine slabs were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n = 12) according to bleaching treatment: G1 Opalescence PF 10% (CP), G2 NiteWhite ACP (CP+ACP), and G3 Opalescence PF (10%) with calcium (CP+CA). The bleaching agent was applied on enamel surface for 6 h/day over a period of 21 days.

Physicochemical changes in enamel submitted to pH cycling and bleaching treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the hardness, mineral content, surface roughness, and micromorphology of sound and slightly demineralized enamels, before and after bleaching procedure using 10% carbamide peroxide.

Methods: Sixty bovine dental blocks were randomly divided into the following two groups: 30 slabs were submitted to three cycles of pH and 30 slabs were noncycled. Hardness (n=10) was measured using the microhardness tester with Knoop indenter under a 50 g load for 5 seconds.

Light curing resin cements containing iodonium salts promote suitable apical bonding of posts to radicular dentin.

The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of experimental light-curing resin cements (ERCs) with a ternary photo-initiator system containing diphenyliodonium hexafluorphosphate (DPI) and different amines on retention of glass-fiber posts to dentin (GFP). ERCs formulations: a 1:1 mass ratio of 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenylpropane and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate. Camphorquinone was used as initiator.

Effect of surface protection on the permeability of eroded dentin.

Context: Eroded dentin might present the opening of dentinal tubules, increasing permeability, and consequently dentinal hypersensitivity.

Aims: This study evaluated the permeability of dentin surfaces exposed to different levels of erosion and methods of surface protection.

Materials And Methods: Dentine samples (3 mm × 3 mm × 1 mm) were prepared from bovine incisors ( = 90) and divided into three groups according to the method of controlling erosive challenge: Negative control, topical fluoride application, and glass ionomer sealant.

Effects of Bleaching Agents Combined with Regular and Whitening Toothpastes on Surface Roughness and Mineral Content of Enamel.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate surface roughness and changes in the composition of enamel submitted to different bleaching protocols and toothbrushing with regular and whitening toothpastes.

Background Data: Bleaching treatment could promote morphological and chemical changes in enamel surface.

Methods: Enamel blocks were randomized into nine groups (n=10) according to the bleaching treatment (no bleaching, control group; 6% hydrogen peroxide, HP; or 10% carbamide peroxide, CP) and toothpaste used (placebo, PL; regular, R; or whitening dentifrice, W).

Influence of intraoral temperature and relative humidity on the dentin bond strength: an in situ study.

Statement Of The Problem: The effect of the intraoral environment during adhesive restorative procedures remains a concern, especially in the absence of rubber dam isolation.

Objective: To evaluate the temperature and relative humidity (RH) at anterior and posterior intraoral sites and their effects on the dentin bond strength of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems.

Methods: Sixty human molars were assigned to six groups according to the adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond Plus and One Step Plus) and intraoral sites (incisor and molar sites).

Cigarette smoke: effects on water sorption and solubility of restorative dental composites.

Although scientific evidence has shown the effects of tobacco on changes in the color of composite resins, the association between tobacco exposure and the physical properties of composite resins has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cigarette smoke products on water sorption and solubility of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled composite resins (Durafill VS, Filtek Z250, and Filtek Z350 XT, respectively). Ten discs were prepared of each material and divided into 2 groups (n =5), according to cigarette smoke exposure.

Changes in water sorption and solubility of dental adhesive systems after cigarette smoke.

Aim. To evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke on water sorption and solubility of four adhesive systems. Materials and Methods.

Photodynamic therapy associated with full-mouth ultrasonic debridement in the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis: a randomized-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method of microbial reduction which can benefit periodontal treatment in areas of difficult access, such as deep pockets and furcations. The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of PDT as an adjunct to full-mouth ultrasonic debridement in the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two patients with at least one pocket with a probing depth (PD) of ≥7 mm and one pocket with a PD of ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) on each side of the mouth were included, characterizing a split mouth design.

Effect of water storage on bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to zirconium oxide ceramic.

Purpose: To evaluate the microshear bond strength of resin cements to yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconium oxide surfaces after water storage for 24 h or 1 year.

Materials And Methods: Four self-adhesive (BisCem, G-Cem, RelyX Unicem, SeT) and one conventional resin cement (RelyX ARC) were tested. The materials were mixed and inserted in tubes (0.

Influence of viscosity and curing mode on degree of conversion of dual-cured resin cements.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the viscosities and curing modes on the degree of conversion (DC) of two resin cements.

Methods: Eight experimental groups were evaluated (n=5), according to the dual-cured resin cements (Nexus 2/Variolink II), viscosity (low and high) and evaluation time (5 minutes and 24 hours). The resin cements were applied to surface of a horizontal attenuated-total-reflectance unit and were polymerized either with self-cure (SC) or light exposure (XL3000/3M ESPE) for 40 seconds.

Effect of increased dwell times for solvent evaporation on the bond strength and degree of conversion of an ethanol-based adhesive system.

This study evaluated the influence of the prolonged setting time of an ethanol-based adhesive system on the dentin bond strength and degree of conversion. Labial and lingual surfaces of fifteen human third molars were flattened until the dentin was exposed and randomly allocated to 3 groups (n = 10), according to the dwell time between the application of two consecutive layers of the adhesive system (Adper Single Bond Plus, 3M ESPE) and light activation: G1--control (no extra dwell time); G2 and G3--dwell time of 30 seconds and 60 seconds, respectively. After light curing, two cylinders (1.

Effect of light-curing unit and adhesive system on marginal adaptation of class v composite restorations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light-curing units (LED or halogen) on the marginal adaptation of composite restorations performed with etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive. Class V cavities were prepared on bovine teeth with the gingival margin on dentin and the incisal margin on enamel. The cavities were restored with a micro-hybrid resin composite using an etch-and-rinse (Single Bond 2--SB) or a self-etching adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond--CL).

Analysis of the interfacial micromorphology and bond strength of adhesive systems to Er:YAG laser-irradiated dentin.

Unlabelled: This study evaluated the effects of different parameters of dentin irradiation with erbium -doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser on bond strength to dentin and analyzed the ultramorphological characteristics of resin-laser-irradiated dentin interfaces using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Dentin surfaces were abraded with SiC paper (600 grit) or Er:YAG laser-irradiated (120/4, 140/6, 180/4, or 200/6 mJ/Hz). Three adhesive systems were tested: Single Bond Plus (3M ESPE), Clearfil Protect Bond (Kuraray Med.

Mechanical properties and degree of conversion of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems cured by a quartz tungsten halogen lamp and a light-emitting diode.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), elastic modulus (E), and flexural strength (FS) of five adhesive systems (only the bonding component of both Scotchbond MP-SBMP and Clearfil Protect Bond-CP; Single Bond 2-SB2; One-up Bond F Plus-OUP; and P90 System Adhesive: primer-P90P and bond-P90B) cured with a quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamp and a light-emitting diode (LED). Two groups per adhesive were formed (n=5), according to the light source (quartz tungsten halogen-QTH: Demetron LC; and light-emitting diode-LED: UltraLume 5). Bar-shaped specimens were evaluated using three-point bending.

Influence of different shades and LED irradiance on the degree of conversion of composite resins.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) of two composite resins with different shades that were light cured by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different irradiances. Specimens (5 mm ' 2 mm) were prepared with a nanofilled (Filtek Supreme - A2E, A2D, and WE) or microhybrid resin (Opallis - A2E, A2D, and EBleach Low) and were randomly divided into 12 groups (n = 5 each) according to the composite resin and light-curing unit (Elipar FreeLight 2, 1250 mW/cm²; Ultralume 5, 850 mW/cm²). After 24 h, the DC was measured on two surfaces (top and bottom) with Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Changes on the color parameters of air-abraded resin composite exposed to different colored beverages.

Aim:   To evaluate the effect of prophylaxis using sodium bicarbonate and colored beverages on the color parameters of a resin composite.

Methods:   Eighty specimens (Z350-3M ESPE) were randomly allocated into eight groups (n = 10), according to the combination of staining solution (artificial saliva, cola, red wine, or coffee) and air-powder abrasion with sodium bicarbonate (either performed or not performed). Specimens were immersed in the staining solution for 48 h (two 24-h cycles).

Cigarette smoke combined with staining beverages decreases luminosity and increases pigmentation in composite resin restorations.

This study evaluated the effect of cigarette smoke combined or not with colored beverages on the color change of a composite resin before and after repolishing procedures. Composite specimens were allocated into six groups (N = 10): 1) control (no colorant); 2) cigarette smoke; 3) coffee; 4) coffee and cigarette smoke; 5) red wine; and 6) red wine and cigarette smoke. During 21 days, groups 2, 4, and 6 were exposed daily to the smoke from 20 cigarettes, and groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were immersed in coffee or red wine for 4 minutes each day.

Effect of chemical degradation followed by toothbrushing on the surface roughness of restorative composites.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the exposure to food-simulating liquids prior to brushing simulation on the surface roughness of five composite materials (Quixfil, Filtek Supreme, Esthet-X, Filtek Z250, Tetric Ceram).

Material And Methods: Twenty cylinders (5 mm diameter and 4 mm height) of each composite were randomly allocated to 4 groups (n=5), according to the food-simulating liquid in which they were immersed for 7 days at 37°C: artificial saliva, heptane, citric acid, and ethanol. After this period, the top surface of composite cylinders was submitted to 7,500 brushing cycles (200 g load).

Durability of resin cement bond to aluminium oxide and zirconia ceramics after air abrasion and laser treatment.

Purpose: The erbium laser has been introduced for cutting enamel and dentin and may have an application in the surface modification of high-strength aluminum oxide and zirconia ceramics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the durability of the bond of conventional dual-cured resin cements to Procera Al(2)O(3) and zirconium oxide ceramics after surface treatment with air abrasion and erbium laser.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty Al(2)O(3) and 120 zirconia specimens measuring 3 × 3 × 0.

Influence of retentive areas associated to onlay preparations on the dimensional stability of silicone impression materials.

This study evaluated the effect of retentive areas on onlay preparations on the dimensional alterations in condensation and addition silicone materials. A standard model with an onlay preparation was made. Each impression material was used through the double or simultaneous impression technique (n=25), resulting in a hundred impressions of the same model.

Intraoral environment conditions and their influence on marginal leakage in composite resin restorations.

Color matching in the anterior superior incisor region (ASIR) is very difficult when using a rubber dam during restorative procedures. This study measured temperature/relative humidity parameters in the ASIR and evaluated the influence of the inhalation/downtime/exhalation mouth-breathing cycle on microleakage in composite resin restorations performed in the region, using three different adhesive systems. Sixty bovine incisors were randomly assigned to six groups (n=10) according to environmental conditions (laboratory environment or intraoral conditions) and the three adhesive systems being tested (Prime & Bond NT (PB), Single Bond (SB) and Clearfil SE Bond (CL)).

Occlusal interferences: how can this concept influence the clinical practice?

This brief review discusses the role of occlusal interferences on the development and progression of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and postural disorders. The eligible literature is described and critically presented to demonstrate that occlusal interferences are an important factor in the risk of TMD. Several studies have demonstrated through their findings that the use of occlusal adjustments, whether or not associated with restorative procedures, might avoid the development of articular problems in vulnerable patients.