The Complex Connection Between Myocardial Dysfunction and Cancer Beyond Cardiotoxicity: Shared Risk Factors and Common Molecular Pathways.

Cardiovascular diseases and cancer represent the largest disease burden worldwide. Previously, these two conditions were considered independent, except in terms of cardiotoxicity, which links cancer treatment to subsequent cardiovascular issues. However, recent studies suggest that there are further connections between cancer and heart disease beyond cardiotoxicity.

Vicious Circle With Venous Hypertension, Irregular Flow, Pathological Venous Wall Remodeling, and Valve Destruction in Chronic Venous Disease: A Review.

Substantial advances occurred in phlebological practice in the last two decades. With the use of modern diagnostic equipment, the patients' venous hemodynamics can be examined in detail in everyday practice. Application of venous segments for arterial bypasses motivated studies on the effect of hemodynamic load on the venous wall.

Positive correlation between persistence of medical nutrition therapy and overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer.

Several factors can affect overall survival of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, including characteristics of the cancer disease and response to treatments. However, patients' nutritional status and the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) can also impact overall survival. The primary goal of our research was to collect real-life data on the use of MNT in HNC patients and to specifically investigate the correlation between survival and the duration of uninterrupted (persistent) nutrition.

Cells in Atherosclerosis: Focus on Cellular Senescence from Basic Science to Clinical Practice.

Aging is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis through different complex pathways including replicative cellular senescence and age-related clonal hematopoiesis. In addition to aging, extracellular stress factors, such as mechanical and oxidative stress, can induce cellular senescence, defined as premature cellular senescence. Senescent cells can accumulate within atherosclerotic plaques over time and contribute to plaque instability.

[Effect of long-term medical nutrition therapy on the survival of head and neck cancer patients - based on real-world data].

At the 45th Congress of ESPEN (The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism), we presented for the first time the initial results of our 2023 oncology research, in which we revealed positive correlations between the persistence of medical nutrition therapy and overall survival, in head and neck cancer patients. Patients who received longterm nutrition therapy (≥7 months) had a significantly longer survival (p<0.0001) than those who received only short-term nutrition therapy intervention, i.

Locally advanced breast cancer in Eastern European developing countries.

Aim: Breast cancer is known as the most frequent cancer type among women. In several developing countries advanced stage cases present an increase trend, despite the global provisions of screening for early detection. The aim was to investigate patients with locally advanced breast cancers, in a developing country from eastern Europe.

Echocardiography Imaging of the Right Ventricle: Focus on Three-Dimensional Echocardiography.

Right ventricular function strongly predicts cardiac death and adverse cardiac events in patients with cardiac diseases. However, the accurate right ventricular assessment by two-dimensional echocardiography is limited due to its complex anatomy, shape, and load dependence. Advances in cardiac imaging and three-dimensional echocardiography provided more reliable information on right ventricular volumes and function without geometrical assumptions.

Atrial Cardiomyopathy in Valvular Heart Disease: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Perspectives.

This review discusses the evolving topic of atrial cardiomyopathy concerning valvular heart disease. The pathogenesis of atrial cardiomyopathy involves multiple factors, such as valvular disease leading to atrial structural and functional remodeling due to pressure and volume overload. Atrial enlargement and dysfunction can trigger atrial tachyarrhythmia.

Long-term nutrition in patients candidate to neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments.

To improve outcomes, to decrease the rate of local recurrence and development of distant metastases neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies are employed in cancer patients in forms of radiation, chemo-, endocrine-, targeted-, and immunotherapy or their combination. Nutrition therapy plays important role in all phases of the cancer journey. From neoadjuvant therapy to prehabilitation, early postoperative nutrition, and long-term nutrition care during the adjuvant phase and survivorship determines the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.

Cellular Senescence, Aging and Non-Aging Processes in Calcified Aortic Valve Stenosis: From Bench-Side to Bedside.

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease. The incidence of AS increases with age, however, a significant proportion of elderly people have no significant AS, indicating that both aging and nonaging pathways are involved in the pathomechanism of AS. Age-related and stress-induced cellular senescence accompanied by further active processes represent the key elements of AS pathomechanism.

Seasonal changes in proportion of cardiac surgeries associated with diabetes, smoking and elderly age.

Background: Seasonal variations in the ambient temperature may affect the exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases. Our primary objective was to evaluate the seasonality of the monthly proportion of cardiac surgeries associated with diabetes, smoking and/or elderly age at a tertiary-care university hospital in East-Central Europe with a temperate climate zone. As a secondary objective, we also assessed whether additional factors affecting small blood vessels (smoking, aging, obesity) modulate the seasonal variability of diabetes.

The Added Value of Atrial Strain Assessment in Clinical Practice.

Speckle tracking echocardiography has emerged as a sensitive tool to analyze myocardial function with improved diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value. Left atrial strain assessment has become a novel imaging method in cardiology with superior prognostic value compared to conventional left atrial volume indices. Left atrial function is divided into three phases, reservoir function being the most important.

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During oncological treatments, body mass index (BMI) and weight loss (WL) are important prognostic factors, but can be influenced by nutrition therapy. The aim of the study was to collect data on BMI and WL of patients with lung cancer and on the nutritional therapy influencing malnutrition. In our multicenter, retrospective study involving 1616 patients, data were collected using a questionnaire with 51 questions, and statistical analysis was performed with descriptive, and multivariate analysis methods with IBM SPSS 20 software.

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure.

Transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard imaging method for atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) detection, for patient selection for transcatheter ASD/PFO closure, for intraoperative guidance and for long-term follow-up. The size, shape, location and the number of the atrial communications schould be determined. The accuracy of PFO detection can be improved by using agitated saline together with maneuvers to transiently increase the right atrial (RA) pressure.

The aging venous system: from varicosities to vascular cognitive impairment.

Aging-induced pathological alterations of the circulatory system play a critical role in morbidity and mortality of older adults. While the importance of cellular and molecular mechanisms of arterial aging for increased cardiovascular risk in older adults is increasingly appreciated, aging processes of veins are much less studied and understood than those of arteries. In this review, age-related cellular and morphological alterations in the venous system are presented.

[Medical nutrition therapy of stroke patients with dysphagia – 2021].

Összefoglaló. A neurológiai betegek körében a dysphagia előfordulása gyakori, és több oka van. Az utóbbi évek kutatásai a közvetlen neurológiai kórokok (beleértve a gyakori stroke) szerepét is részletesen feltárták.

Left Ventricular Systolic Function Has Strong Independent Genetic Background from Diastolic Function: A Classical Twin Study.

No data are available on whether the heritability of left ventricle (LV) systolic and diastolic parameters are independent of each other. Therefore, our aim was to assess the magnitude of common and independent genetic and environmental factors defining LV systolic and diastolic function. We analyzed 184 asymptomatic twins (65% female, mean age: 56 ± 9 years).

Dopamine Reverses Lung Function Deterioration After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Without Affecting Gas Exchange.

Objective: To investigate the effects of dopamine on the adverse pulmonary changes after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Design: A prospective, nonrandomized clinical investigation.

Setting: A university hospital.

Overlapping Genetic Background of Coronary Artery and Carotid/Femoral Atherosclerotic Calcification.

Background And Objectives: Multivessel atherosclerosis and its genetic background are under-investigated, although atherosclerosis is seldom local and still causes high mortality. Alternative methods to assess coronary calcification (CAC) might incorporate genetic links between different arteries' atherosclerotic involvement, however, co-occurrences of coronary calcification have not been investigated in twins yet.

Materials And Methods: We assessed the heritability of radio morphologically distinct atherosclerotic plaque types in coronary (non-enhanced CT, Agatston score), carotid, and femoral arteries (B-mode ultrasound) in 190 twin subjects (60 monozygotic, 35 dizygotic pairs).

Generation of iPSC lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of identical twins both suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus and one of them additionally diagnosed with atherosclerosis.

Here we describe the generation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from peripheral blood samples of identical twin sisters with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Two clonal lines from each patient (HU-DM2-A-1, HU-DM2-A-2 and HU-DM2-B-1, HU-DM2-B-2) were established via Sendai viral reprograming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and characterized to confirm pluripotency and genetic integrity. The established iPSC lines can help to investigate DM2 related cellular phenotypes and provide a model system for drug testing.

Subclinical leaflet thrombosis is associated with impaired reverse remodelling after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Aims: Cardiac CT is increasingly applied for planning and follow-up of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, there are no data available on reverse remodelling after TAVI assessed by CT. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the predictors and the prognostic value of left ventricular (LV) reverse remodelling following TAVI using CT angiography.

Relationship between Cardiac Remodeling and Exercise Capacity in Elite Athletes: Incremental Value of Left Atrial Morphology and Function Assessed by Three-Dimensional Echocardiography.

Background: Data are scarce regarding left atrial (LA) adaptation to regular physical exercise. The aim of this study was to examine left ventricular (LV) and also LA morphologic and functional remodeling in elite athletes using three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, the study group consisted of 138 elite athletes (mean age, 20 ± 4 years; 62% men) and 50 sedentary control subjects.

Genetic and environmental factors on heart rate, mean arterial pressure and carotid intima-media thickness: A longitudinal twin study.

Background: Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) are moderately heritable cardiovascular traits, but the environmental effects on the longitudinal change of their heritability have never been investigated.

Methods: 368 Italian and Hungarian twins (107 monozygotic, 77 dizygotic) underwent oscillometric measurement and B-mode sonography of bilateral carotid arteries in 2009/2010 and 2014. Within- -individual/cross-study wave, cross-twin/within-study wave and cross-twin/cross-study wave correlations were estimated, and bivariate Cholesky models were fitted to decompose the total variance at each wave and covariance between study waves into additive genetic, shared and unique environmental components.

Role of age-related alterations of the cerebral venous circulation in the pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment.

There has been an increasing appreciation of the role of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) associated with old age. Strong preclinical and translational evidence links age-related dysfunction and structural alterations of the cerebral arteries, arterioles, and capillaries to the pathogenesis of many types of dementia in the elderly, including Alzheimer's disease. The low-pressure, low-velocity, and large-volume venous circulation of the brain also plays critical roles in the maintenance of homeostasis in the central nervous system.

[Perioperative use of levosimendan in cardiac surgery. Hungarian recommendation].

Low output syndrome significantly increases morbidity and mortality of cardiac surgery and lengthens the durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays. Its treatment by catecholamines can lead to undesirable systemic and cardiac complications. Levosimendan is a calcium sensitiser and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channel (I) opener agent.