Antifungal efficacy of lasers against dermatophytes and yeasts in vitro.

Purpose: Approximately 2-13% of the world population suffers from onychomycosis. Recently, lasers have been introduced for treatment. However, no effect was found with in vitro laser irradiation of pathogens on agar plates.

Accumulation of the hormone abscisic acid (ABA) at the infection site of the fungus Cercospora beticola supports the role of ABA as a repressor of plant defence in sugar beet.

Inducible plant defence responses in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaves are repressed during the early phase of infection by the fungus Cercospora beticola. In this report, we show that the concentration of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) increases in sugar beet leaves during C.

Comparison of a simulated versus work environment lifting task on L5/S1 compression forces.

Since a patient's ability to perform simulated work activities guides return-to-work decisions, a significant question to address is whether the simulated work environment accurately reflects the actual work environment. Work hardening programs have been used extensively as a method of rehabilitating workers to return to their pre-injury functioning levels. Re-training workers to lift boxes is a common method used to simulate the work environment.