Bariatric surgery in the prevention of obesity-associated cancers: mechanistic implications.

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of at least 13 different cancers, as well as worse cancer outcomes and increased cancer mortality. As rates continue to rise both in the United States and worldwide, obesity is poised to become the leading lifestyle-related risk factor for cancer. Currently, the most effective treatment for patients with severe obesity is bariatric surgery.

Obesity and breast cancer: Preventive and therapeutic possibilities for bariatric surgery.

Breast cancer is the most common and second deadliest malignancy in women. With rising obesity rates and building evidence for a strong association with obesity, the incidence of breast cancer can be expected to increase. Weight loss reduces breast cancer risk, the mechanisms of which are still poorly understood.

Association between weight loss and serum biomarkers with risk of incident cancer in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery cohort.

Background: Bariatric surgery reduces cancer risk in populations with obesity. It is unclear if weight loss alone or metabolic changes related to bariatric surgery cause this effect.

Objective: We evaluated the relationship between surgical weight loss and serum biomarker changes with incident cancer in a bariatric surgery cohort.

Weight loss and co-morbidity resolution between different races and ethnicities after gastric bypass.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that minorities and Hispanic ethnicities have disproportionally greater burden of morbid obesity in the United States. However, the majority of bariatric procedures are performed in the non-Hispanic white population.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the weight loss and remission of obesity-related co-morbidities based on race and ethnicity.

Psychosocial Factors Are Associated with Quality of Life After Laparoscopic Antireflux Surgery.

Background: Laparoscopic antireflux surgery (LARS) is the gold standard treatment for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Traditional surgical outcomes following LARS are well described, but limited data exist regarding patient-reported outcomes. We aimed to identify preoperative characteristics that were independently associated with a high GERD health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) following LARS.

Timing of bariatric surgery for severely obese adolescents: a Markov decision-analysis.

Purpose: Although controversial, bariatric surgery is increasingly being performed in adolescents. We developed a model to simulate the effect of timing of gastric bypass in obese adolescents on quantity and quality of life.

Methods: A Markov state-transition model was constructed comparing two treatment strategies: gastric bypass surgery at age 16 versus delayed surgery in adulthood.

Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis.

Background: Pouchitis occurs in approximately 50% of patients following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for chronic ulcerative colitis.

Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the efficacy and safety of medical therapies (including antibiotics, probiotics, and other agents) for prevention or treatment of acute or chronic pouchitis.

Search Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to October 2014.

Epidural analgesia versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia following minimally invasive pectus excavatum repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/purpose: The minimally invasive pectus excavatum repair (MIPER) is a painful procedure. The ideal approach to postoperative analgesia is debated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of epidural analgesia compared to intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) following MIPER.