Different aquaporin-4 expression in glioblastoma multiforme patients with and without seizures.

Aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), the most important water channel in the brain, is expressed by astrocyte end feet abutting microvessels. Altered expression levels of AQP-4 and redistribution of the protein throughout the membranes of cells found in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) lead to development of the edema often found surrounding the tumor mass. Dysregulation of AQP-4 also occurs in hippocampal sclerosis and cortical dysplasia in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.

Expansive Masses Arising From The Clivus: The Role Of FDG-PET/CT In The Metabolic Assessment Of Skeletal Lesions.

A patient with neurological symptoms underwent CT scan that showed a sellar and suprasellar mass with bone erosions, involving especially the clivus and the right petrous apex. The first diagnostic hypothesis was chordoma in relation to the mass position. The MRI showed a solid well-enhancing mass; moreover another circumscribed lesion, with similar signal pattern, was found in the left mandibular condyle.