Relationship of subjective and objective cognition with post-stroke mood differs between early and long-term stroke.

Depression and anxiety affects approximately 1 in 3 stroke survivors. Performance on standardized objective cognitive tests and self-reported subjective cognitive symptoms are associated with concurrent depression and anxiety, but longitudinal data on whether and how objective and subjective cognition relate to emotional outcomes are lacking.  99 stroke survivors ( age = 68.

Post-stroke fatigue severity is associated with executive dysfunction in chronic stroke.

Following stroke, fatigue is highly prevalent and managing fatigue is consistently rated a key unmet need by stroke survivors and professionals. Domain-specific cognitive impairments have been associated with greater fatigue severity in earlier stages of stroke recovery, but it is unclear whether these associations hold in chronic (>2 years) stroke. The present cross-sectional observational study evaluates the relationship between domain-specific cognitive functioning and the severity of self-reported fatigue among chronic stroke survivors.

Domain-specific cognitive impairments, mood and quality of life 6 months after stroke.

Purpose: To identify which acute and 6-month domain-specific cognitive impairments impact mood, participation, and stroke-related quality of life 6 months post-stroke.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort of 430 stroke survivors completed the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS) acutely and 6 months post-stroke. Participants completed the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) and Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS) at 6 months.

Long-term psychological outcomes following stroke: the OX-CHRONIC study.

Background: Stroke survivors rate longer-term (> 2 years) psychological recovery as their top priority, but data on how frequently psychological consequences occur is lacking. Prevalence of cognitive impairment, depression/anxiety, fatigue, apathy and related psychological outcomes, and whether rates are stable in long-term stroke, is unknown.

Methods: N = 105 long-term stroke survivors (M [SD] age = 72.

Mood, Activity Participation, and Leisure Engagement Satisfaction (MAPLES): results from a randomised controlled pilot feasibility trial for low mood in acquired brain injury.

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is linked to increased depression risk. Existing therapies for depression in ABI (e.g.

Developing behavioural activation for people with acquired brain injury: a qualitative interpretive description study of barriers and facilitators to activity engagement.

Background: Acquired brain injuries (ABI) from stroke, head injury, or resected brain tumours are associated with poor emotional wellbeing and heightened risk of mood disorder. Common sequalae of ABI, such as poor attention and memory, can create barriers to the efficacy of cognitively demanding mood interventions, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Behavioural Activation (BA), where individuals plan and engage in reinforcing activities, is a promising alternative due to lower cognitive demands.

Measuring Intolerance of Uncertainty After Acquired Brain Injury: Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12.

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a risk factor for poor mental health. Acquired brain injury (ABI; for example, stroke, traumatic brain injury) often brings considerable uncertainty and increased mood disorder vulnerability. The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Short Form (IUS-12) is a brief, well-validated IU measure in non-ABI samples, comprising two subscales, namely, Prospective Anxiety and Inhibitory Anxiety.

Mood, Activity Participation, and Leisure Engagement Satisfaction (MAPLES): a randomised controlled pilot feasibility trial for low mood in acquired brain injury.

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) affects approximately 79.3 million individuals annually and is linked with elevated rates of depression and low mood. Existing methods for treating depression in ABI have shown mixed efficacy.

Getting motivated: long-term perspectives on engaging in community-based programs after acquired brain injury.

Background: Low motivation is a common problem after acquired brain injury (ABI) and can persist for years after injury. Little is known, however, about perspectives of motivation with respect to engaging in the community, many years after ABI.

Purpose: To explore the client with ABI perspective of motivation and engagement in individuals based in community ABI programs.

Look before you leap: the role of negative urgency in appraisals of ambiguous and unambiguous scenarios in individuals high in generalized anxiety disorder symptoms.

Negative interpretation bias, the propensity to make threatening interpretations of ambiguous information, is associated with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Apart from its relationship with intolerance of uncertainty (IU), little is known about what explains the presence of this cognitive bias in GAD. One factor may be negative urgency (NU), the tendency to take rash action when distressed, which is related to GAD symptoms and to cognitive biases in nonclinical populations.

Motivation in rehabilitation and acquired brain injury: can theory help us understand it?

In acquired brain injury (ABI) populations, low motivation to engage in rehabilitation is associated with poor rehabilitation outcomes. Motivation in ABI is thought to be influenced by internal and external factors. This is consistent with Self-determination Theory, which posits that motivation is intrinsic and extrinsic.

Psychometric properties of measures of motivation and engagement after acquired brain injury.

Objective: This study investigated psychometric properties of the Motivation for Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Questionnaire (MOT-Q), the Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust Motivation Questionnaire-Self (BMQ-S), the Rehabilitation Therapy Engagement Scale-Revised (RTES-R), and the BMQ-Relative (BMQ-R) in individuals with an acquired brain injury (ABI).

Design: Thirty-nine patients with an ABI completed the MOT-Q, BMQ-S, measures of apathy (Apathy Evaluation Scale-Self), insight (Patient Competency Rating Scale-Self), depression, and anxiety (HADS). Twenty clinicians provided 39 ratings using the RTES-R, BMQ-R, measures of patient apathy (Apathy Evaluation Scale-Clinician) and insight (Patient Competency Rating Scale-Clinician).

What's in a name? Intolerance of uncertainty, other uncertainty-relevant constructs, and their differential relations to worry and generalized anxiety disorder.

A number of studies have examined the association of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) to trait worry and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, few studies have examined the extent of overlap between IU and other psychological constructs that bear conceptual resemblance to IU, despite the fact that IU-type constructs have been discussed and examined extensively within psychology and other disciplines. The present study investigated (1) the associations of IU, trait worry, and GAD status to a negative risk orientation, trait curiosity, indecisiveness, perceived constraints, self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism, intolerance of ambiguity, the need for predictability, and the need for order and structure and (2) whether IU is a unique correlate of trait worry and of the presence versus absence of Probable GAD, when overlap with other uncertainty-relevant constructs is accounted for.

Intolerance of uncertainty, causal uncertainty, causal importance, self-concept clarity and their relations to generalized anxiety disorder.

Although numerous studies have provided support for the notion that intolerance of uncertainty plays a key role in pathological worry (the hallmark feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)), other uncertainty-related constructs may also have relevance for the understanding of individuals who engage in pathological worry. Three constructs from the social cognition literature, causal uncertainty, causal importance, and self-concept clarity, were examined in the present study to assess the degree to which these explain unique variance in GAD, over and above intolerance of uncertainty. N = 235 participants completed self-report measures of trait worry, GAD symptoms, and uncertainty-relevant constructs.

Maladaptive Core Beliefs and their Relation to Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Research has demonstrated that individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) hold unhelpful beliefs about worry, uncertainty, and the problem-solving process. Extant writings (e.g.