Poverty from fetal life onward and child brain morphology.

Poverty is a risk factor for impaired child development, an association possibly mediated by brain morphology. Previous studies lacked prospective poverty assessments during pregnancy and did not stratify by majority/minority status. We investigated the association of household poverty from fetal life forward with brain morphological differences at age 10 years, in 2166 mother-child dyads.

Complexity of Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Colombia Urges the Reinforcement of Whole Genome Sequencing-Based Surveillance Programs.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging public health problem. This study explores the specifics of CRKP epidemiology in Colombia based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the National Reference Laboratory at Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS)'s 2013-2017 sample collection.

Methods: A total of 425 CRKP isolates from 21 departments were analyzed by HiSeq-X10®Illumina high-throughput sequencing.

[National surveillance of clinical isolates of resistant to linezolid carrying the optrA gene in Colombia, 2014-2019].

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, phenotypical and genetic characteristics of clinical isolates carrying the gene identified in antimicrobial resistance surveillance by the laboratory of the National Institute of Health of Colombia.

Methods: Between October 2014 and February 2019, 25 isolates of spp. resistant to linezolid were received.

Chemical angioplasty for medically refractory reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.

Purpose: Medically refractory reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), a rare variant of RCVS, poses a significant therapeutic challenge. Herein we describe a case of medically refractory RCVS that required treatment with intra-arterial (IA) verapamil and subsequent nimodipine, resulting in both angiographic and clinical improvement after failing to respond to hemodynamic augmentation. We also supplement a description of our case with a review of other case studies and case series in which IA calcium channel blockers were used to treat RCVS.

Establishing Goals of Care for Patients With Stroke and Feeding Problems: An Interdisciplinary Trigger-Based Continuous Quality Improvement Project.

Background: Few patients with dysphagia because of stroke receive early palliative care (PC) to align treatment goals with their values, as called for by practice guidelines, particularly before enteral access procedures for artificial nutrition.

Measures: To increase documented goals of care (GOC) discussions among acute stroke patients before feeding gastrostomy tube placement.

Intervention: We undertook a rapid-cycle continuous quality improvement process with interdisciplinary planning, implementation, and performance review to operationalize an upstream trigger for PC referral prompted by the speech and language pathology evaluation.

Results of the national surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae and Gram negative bacilli in health care-associated infections in Colombia, 2012-2014.

Introduction: The Colombian National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for the surveillance of healthcare-associated infections was set up to meet this problem in the third quarter of 2012.

Objective: To describe resistance profiles and laboratory-based surveillance based on the information collected by the System.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study of the information notified to the Colombian Public Health Surveillance System (Sivigila), and in the Whonet databases covering the period from July 2012 to December 2014 provided by the primary data-generating units in the country, as well as laboratory surveillance results from 1,642 phenotypic and genotypic tests on carbapenemase isolates (927 from Enterobacteriaceae, 614 from Pseudomonas spp.

Genomic and Molecular Characterization of Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae Harboring in Colombia, 2002 to 2016.

Polymyxins are last-resort antimicrobial agents used to treat infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Due to the worldwide dissemination of polymyxin resistance in animal and human isolates, we aimed to characterize polymyxin resistance associated with the presence of in and nonfermenter Gram-negative bacilli, using isolates collected retrospectively in Colombia from 2002 to 2016. A total of 5,887 Gram-negative clinical isolates were studied, and 513 were found to be resistant to the polymyxins. Susceptibility to colistin was confirmed by broth microdilution for all -positive isolates, and these were further subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Long-Term Impact of Implementation of a Stroke Protocol on Door-to-Needle Time in the Administration of Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a stroke protocol (SP) in improving door-to-needle time (DTNT) and door-to-computed tomography (DTCT) time from 2010 to 2014. Published data from the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke (GWTGS) participating hospitals showed that median DTNT = 75 minutes with 26.6% of the patients achieving the recommended DTNT of 60 minutes or less.

Whole-Genome Sequence of a Colombian Strain, a Coproducer of OXA-72 and OXA-255-Like Carbapenemases.

Colombian strain ST920 was isolated from the sputum of a 68-year-old male patient. This isolate possessed OXA-72 and OXA-255-like genes. The assembled genome contained 4,104,098 pb and 38.

Prevalence of the fibrinogen beta-chain, angiotensin-converting enzyme and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 polymorphisms in Costa Rican young adults with thrombotic disease.

Thrombotic disease is a multifactorial condition that involves both classical and genetic risk factors. We studied the association between the classical risk factors of hypertension and smoking, and polymorphisms on the genes of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), the beta-chain of fibrinogen (FG), and the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in patients with venous and arterial thrombosis. The present investigation is a retrospective case-control study.