Dynamics of angiogenesis during wound healing: a coupled in vivo and in silico study.

Objective: The most critical determinant of restoration of tissue structure during wound healing is the re-establishment of a functional vasculature, which largely occurs via angiogenesis, specifically endothelial sprouting from the pre-existing vasculature.

Materials And Methods: We used confocal microscopy to capture sequential images of perfused vascular segments within the injured panniculus carnosus muscle in the mouse dorsal skin-fold window chamber to quantify a range of microcirculatory parameters during the first nine days of healing. This data was used to inform a mathematical model of sequential growth of the vascular plexus.

Cytochrome P450 1B1 mRNA untranslated regions interact to inhibit protein translation.

CYP1B1 mRNA is expressed constitutively in all normal extrahepatic human tissues, though the protein is usually undetectable. In contrast, CYP1B1 protein is expressed at high levels in tumors. In this study CYP1B1 mRNA and protein expression was measured in a panel of cell lines indicating that CYP1B1 regulation is altered in tumor cell lines in vitro.

Synchrotron X-ray microtomography for assessment of bone tissue scaffolds.

X-ray microtomography (microCT) is a popular tool for imaging scaffolds designed for tissue engineering applications. The ability of synchrotron microCT to monitor tissue response and changes in a bioactive glass scaffold ex vivo were assessed. It was possible to observe the morphology of the bone; soft tissue ingrowth and the calcium distribution within the scaffold.

Investigation of pericytes, hypoxia, and vascularity in bladder tumors: association with clinical outcomes.

The contribution of endothelial cell growth to angiogenesis has been widely studied; however, the involvement of pericytes is less well documented, especially in human tumors. In this study we aimed to quantify and assess the prognostic significance of pericyte coverage, the extent of hypoxia, and microvessel density (MVD) in normal bladder mucosa and urothelial carcinoma. Antibody to alpha-smooth muscle actin was used to assess the distribution of pericytes (mural/smooth muscle cells) in the microvessels of normal human bladder (n = 4) mucosa and in urothelial carcinoma (n = 47) samples; this was quantitated using microvessel pericyte index (MPI).

Cytochrome P450 1B1 expression in rat esophageal tumorigenesis promoted by gastric and duodenal reflux.

Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) mRNA is constitutively expressed in most normal extra-hepatic tissues; however the protein is not detectable in these tissues but is expressed in a wide variety of tumors. CYP1B1 is responsible for the activation of a number of carcinogens present in tobacco smoke and food. A surgical model of rat esophageal tumorigenesis, promoted by gastric or duodenal reflux was used to determine CYP1B1 expression in premalignant esophageal tissue.